The effects of the sizes of the additives on the dispersion of the mixed suspensions, the microstructures, and the comprehensive electrical properties of the ZnO varistors were investigated. The particle size distribution, the viscosity, and the zeta potential of the suspension were characterized to evaluate the effect of the sizes of the additives on the dispersion of the metal oxide particles. The potential gradient, the leakage current, the nonlinear coefficient, the voltage ratio, and the aging coefficient were considered to estimate the effect of the sizes of the additives on the performance of the ZnO varistors. The electrical testing results showed that a proper amount of milling of the additive particles could improve the comprehensive electrical properties, while an excessive milling produced the opposite effect. When the milling time of the additive particles reached 30 minutes, the dispersion of ZnO‐additive mixed suspension was the best. The as‐prepared varistors showed the optimal electrical performance with potential gradient of 310 V/mm, leakage current of 1 μA, nonlinear coefficient of 32.7, voltage ratio of 1.69, and aging coefficient of 0.59.

中文翻译：

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添加剂颗粒尺寸对ZnO压敏电阻的悬浮液，微结构和电性能的影响

研究了添加剂的大小对混合悬浮液的分散性，ZnO压敏电阻的微观结构和综合电性能的影响。表征悬浮液的粒度分布，粘度和ζ电位，以评价添加剂的尺寸对金属氧化物颗粒的分散的影响。考虑电位梯度，漏电流，非线性系数，电压比和老化系数，以估计添加剂尺寸对ZnO压敏电阻性能的影响。电学测试结果表明，适量地研磨添加剂颗粒可以改善综合电性能，而过度研磨则产生相反的效果。当添加剂颗粒的研磨时间达到30分钟时，ZnO添加剂混合悬浮液的分散效果最佳。准备好的压敏电阻具有最佳的电气性能，电势梯度为310 V / mm，漏电流为1μA，非线性系数为32.7，电压比为1.69，老化系数为0.59。