Agroecosystems are almost always by definition composed of novel assemblages of organisms from various parts of the world (Perfecto and Vandermeer 2015). As ecologists, we have little ability to predict a priori how interactions within these novel assemblages will organize themselves and what their impacts will be within and adjacent to agricultural production. While it may be possible to make coarse predictions about well-studied organisms, as with natural enemy release in non-native ranges, it is less often the case that we are able to predict the development of novel interactions which result from host shifts in new ecological contexts (Agosta 2006; Nylin et al. 2018).

中文翻译：

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来自粪便的见解：侵入性腹足动物改变饮食以消耗咖啡叶锈病及其真菌

根据定义，农业生态系统几乎总是由来自世界各地的新生物组合组成（Perfecto 和 Vandermeer 2015）。作为生态学家，我们几乎没有能力先验地预测这些新组合内的相互作用将如何自我组织，以及它们在农业生产内部和附近将产生什么影响。虽然有可能对经过充分研究的生物体做出粗略的预测，就像天敌在非本土范围内的释放一样，但我们很少能够预测由于新物种中宿主的变化而导致的新相互作用的发展。生态环境（Agosta 2006；Nylin 等，2018）。