Piezoelectricity in Multilayer Black Phosphorus for Piezotronics and Nanogenerators.,Advanced Materials

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Piezoelectricity in Multilayer Black Phosphorus for Piezotronics and Nanogenerators.
Advanced Materials ( IF 27.4 ) Pub Date : 2020-01-13 , DOI: 10.1002/adma.201905795
Wenda Ma _{1,

2} , Junfeng Lu _{1,

2,

3} , Bensong Wan ₄ , Dengfeng Peng ₄ , Qian Xu _{1,

2} , Guofeng Hu ₄ , Yiyao Peng _{1,

2} , Caofeng Pan _{1,

2,

4,

5} , Zhong Lin Wang _{1,

2,

6}

Affiliation

Recently, piezoelectric characteristics have been a research focus for 2D materials because of their broad potential applications. Black phosphorus (BP) is a monoelemental 2D material predicted to be piezoelectric because of its highly directional properties and non-centrosymmetric lattice structure. However, piezoelectricity is hardly reported in monoelemental materials owing to their lack of ionic polarization, but piezoelectric generation is consistent with the non-centrosymmetric structure of BP. Theoretical calculations of phosphorene have explained the origin of piezoelectric polarization among P atoms. However, the disappearance of piezoelectricity in multilayer 2D material generally arises from the opposite orientations of adjacent atomic layers, whereas this effect is limited in BP lattices due to their spring-shaped space structure. Here, the existence of in-plane piezoelectricity is experimentally reported for multilayer BP along the armchair direction. Current-voltage measurements demonstrate a piezotronic effect in this orientation, and cyclic compression and release of BP flakes show an intrinsic current output as large as 4 pA under a compressive strain of -0.72%. The discovery of piezoelectricity in multilayer BP can lead to further understanding of this mechanism in monoelemental materials.

中文翻译：

压电和纳米发电机用多层黑磷中的压电。

近来，压电特性由于其广泛的潜在应用而成为2D材料的研究重点。黑磷（BP）是一种单元素二维材料，由于其高度的方向性和非中心对称的晶格结构而被预测为压电材料。然而，由于单离子材料缺乏离子极化，几乎没有报道压电性，但是压电生成与BP的非中心对称结构是一致的。磷的理论计算解释了P原子之间压电极化的起源。但是，多层2D材料中压电性的消失通常是由相邻原子层的相反方向引起的，而由于其弹簧形的空间结构，这种影响在BP晶格中受到限制。这里，实验上报道了沿扶手椅方向的多层BP存在面内压电性。电流-电压测量表明在该方向上具有压电效应，并且在－0.72％的压缩应变下，BP薄片的循环压缩和释放显示出高达4 pA的固有电流输出。多层BP中压电性的发现可以导致人们进一步了解单元素材料中的这种机理。

更新日期：2020-02-18

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