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Maladaptive avoidance patterns in Parkinson's disease are exacerbated by symptoms of depression.
Behavioural Brain Research ( IF 2.6 ) Pub Date : 2020-01-11 , DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2020.112473
Jony Sheynin 1 , Irina Baetu 2 , Lyndsey E Collins-Praino 3 , Catherine E Myers 4 , Robyn Winwood-Smith 5 , Ahmed A Moustafa 6
Affiliation  

Parkinson's disease (PD) is a chronic, progressive neurodegenerative disorder, characterized by a loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta. Given that dopamine is critically involved in learning and other cognitive processes, such as working memory, dopamine loss in PD has been linked both to learning abnormalities and to cognitive dysfunction more generally in the disease. It is unclear, however, whether avoidance behavior is impacted in PD. This is significant, as this type of instrumental behavior plays an important role in both decision-making and emotional (dys) function. Consequently, the aim of the present study was to examine avoidance learning and operant extinction in PD using a computer-based task. On this task, participants control a spaceship and attempt to shoot an enemy spaceship to gain points. They also learn to hide in safe areas to protect from (i.e., avoid) aversive events (on-screen explosions and point loss). The results showed that patients with PD (N = 25) acquired an avoidance response during aversive periods to the same extent as healthy age-matched controls (N = 19); however, patients demonstrated greater hiding during safe periods not associated with aversive events, which could represent maladaptive generalization of the avoidance response. Furthermore, this impairment was more pronounced during the extinction phase, and in patients who reported higher levels of depression. These results demonstrate for the first time that PD is associated with maladaptive avoidance patterns, which could possibly contribute to the emergence of depression in the disease.

中文翻译:

抑郁症的症状加剧了帕金森氏病的不良适应性避免方式。

帕金森氏病(PD)是一种慢性进行性神经退行性疾病,其特征是黑质致密部中的多巴胺能神经元缺失。鉴于多巴胺严重参与学习和其他认知过程,例如工作记忆,PD中多巴胺的丧失与疾病的学习异常和认知功能障碍均相关。然而,尚不清楚PD是否会影响回避行为。这很重要,因为这种类型的工具行为在决策和情感(功能障碍)功能中都起着重要作用。因此,本研究的目的是使用基于计算机的任务来检查PD中的回避学习和操作性灭绝。在此任务上,参与者控制一艘宇宙飞船,并尝试射击敌方宇宙飞船以获取积分。他们还学会躲在安全区域中,以防止(即避免)反感事件(屏幕上的爆炸和丢点)。结果表明,PD患者(N = 25)在厌恶期间获得了与健康的年龄匹配对照组(N = 19)相同的回避反应。然而,在安全期间,患者表现出更大的躲藏性,与厌恶事件无关,这可能表示逃避反应的适应不良。此外,这种障碍在灭绝阶段和报告较高抑郁水平的患者中更为明显。这些结果首次证明PD与不良适应症避免模式相关,这可能有助于疾病中抑郁症的出现。避免)令人反感的事件(屏幕上的爆炸和丢点)。结果表明,PD患者(N = 25)在厌恶期间获得了与健康的年龄匹配对照组(N = 19)相同的回避反应。然而,在安全期间,患者表现出更大的躲藏性,与厌恶事件无关,这可能表示逃避反应的适应不良。此外,这种消退在灭绝阶段以及抑郁水平较高的患者中更为明显。这些结果首次证明PD与不良适应症避免模式相关,这可能有助于疾病中抑郁症的出现。避免)令人反感的事件(屏幕上的爆炸和丢点)。结果表明,PD患者(N = 25)在厌恶期间获得了与健康的年龄匹配对照组(N = 19)相同的回避反应。然而,患者在与厌恶事件无关的安全时期表现出更大的隐匿性,这可能表示逃避反应的适应不良。此外,这种消退在灭绝阶段以及抑郁水平较高的患者中更为明显。这些结果首次证明PD与不良适应症避免模式相关,这可能有助于疾病中抑郁症的出现。结果表明,PD患者(N = 25)在厌恶期间获得了与健康的年龄匹配对照组(N = 19)相同的回避反应。然而,在安全期间,患者表现出更大的躲藏性,与厌恶事件无关,这可能表示逃避反应的适应不良。此外,这种障碍在灭绝阶段和报告较高抑郁水平的患者中更为明显。这些结果首次证明PD与不良适应症避免模式相关,这可能有助于疾病中抑郁症的出现。结果表明,PD患者(N = 25)在厌恶期间获得了与健康的年龄匹配对照组(N = 19)相同的回避反应。然而,在安全期间,患者表现出更大的躲藏性,与厌恶事件无关,这可能表示逃避反应的适应不良。此外,这种障碍在灭绝阶段和报告较高抑郁水平的患者中更为明显。这些结果首次证明PD与不良适应症的避免模式有关,这可能有助于疾病中抑郁症的出现。这可能表示回避反应的适应不良。此外,这种消退在灭绝阶段以及抑郁水平较高的患者中更为明显。这些结果首次证明PD与不良适应症避免模式相关,这可能有助于疾病中抑郁症的出现。这可能表示回避反应的适应不良。此外,这种消退在灭绝阶段以及抑郁水平较高的患者中更为明显。这些结果首次证明PD与不良适应症避免模式相关,这可能有助于疾病中抑郁症的出现。
更新日期:2020-01-13
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