BACKGROUND Metastases to the pituitary (MP) are uncommon, accounting for 0.4% of intracranial metastases. Through advances in neuroimaging and oncological therapies, patients with metastatic cancers are living longer and MP may be more frequent. This review aimed to investigate clinical and oncological features, treatment modalities and their effect on survival. METHODS A systematic review was performed according to PRISMA recommendations. All cases of MP were included, excepted primary pituitary neoplasms and autopsy reports. Descriptive and survival analyses were then conducted. RESULTS The search identified 2143 records, of which 157 were included. A total of 657 cases of MP were reported, including 334 females (50.8%). The mean ± standard deviation age was 59.1 ± 11.9 years. Lung cancer was the most frequent primary site (31.0%), followed by breast (26.2%) and kidney cancers (8.1%). Median survival from MP diagnosis was 14 months. Overall survival was significantly different between lung, breast and kidney cancers (P < .0001). Survival was impacted by radiotherapy (hazard ratio (HR) 0.49; 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.35-0.67; P < .0001) and chemotherapy (HR 0.58; 95% CI 0.36-0.92; P = .013) but not by surgery. Stereotactic radiotherapy tended to improve survival over conventional radiotherapy (HR 0.66; 95% CI 0.39-1.12; P = .065). Patients from recent studies (≥ 2010) had longer survival than others (HR 1.36; 95% CI 1.05-1.76; P = .0019). CONCLUSION This systematic review based on 657 cases helped to better identify clinical features, oncological characteristics and the effect of current therapies in patients with MP. Survival patterns were conditioned upon primary cancer histologies, the use of local radiotherapy and systemic chemotherapy, but not by surgery.

中文翻译：

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垂体转移的现状和治疗方式：系统评价。

背景技术垂体（MP）的转移并不常见，占颅内转移的0.4％。通过神经影像学和肿瘤学治疗的进步，转移性癌症患者的寿命更长，MP可能更频繁。这篇综述旨在研究临床和肿瘤学特征，治疗方式及其对生存的影响。方法根据PRISMA的建议进行了系统评价。除原发性垂体肿瘤和尸检报告外，所有MP病例均包括在内。然后进行描述性和生存分析。结果该搜索确定了2143条记录，其中包括157条。总共报告了657例MP病例，其中334例女性（50.8％）。平均±标准差年龄为59.1±11.9岁。肺癌是最常见的原发部位（31.0％），其次是乳腺癌（26.2％）和肾癌（8.1％）。MP诊断的中位生存期为14个月。肺癌，乳腺癌和肾癌的总体生存率显着不同（P <.0001）。放疗（危险比（HR）0.49; 95％置信区间（CI）0.35-0.67; P <.0001）和化学疗法（HR 0.58; 95％CI 0.36-0.92; P = .013）影响生存期，但不受手术。立体定向放疗倾向于比常规放疗提高生存率（HR 0.66； 95％CI 0.39-1.12； P = .065）。最近的研究（≥2010）的患者比其他患者的生存期更长（HR 1.36； 95％CI 1.05-1.76； P = 0.0019）。结论基于657例病例的系统评价有助于更好地确定MP患者的临床特征，肿瘤学特征和当前疗法的效果。