An important concern in the mining industry is to reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions across all their processes in the supply chain (SC). A good supply chain network design (SCND) involving environmental strategic challenges allows dealing with this problem. Since the literature about SCND in the mining industry is scarce, in this paper we address a multi-echelon, multi-period and multi-product environmental mining SCND with the objective to reduce GHG emissions under Emissions Trading Scheme (ETS), along with minimizing investment, transportation, operating costs and carbon credits costs resulting by ETS. To solve this problem, we propose a mixed integer linear programming model that considers the location of capacitated facilities in the SC, addressing specific mining problems related to the ore grade available in mining fronts and the customer demand satisfaction in terms of quality and quantity, through additional processes such as blending and beneficiation that occurs along the several echelons of the mining SC. Our model integrates, for the first time the environmental impacts of ore grade on the mining SCND. Taking a base case inspired in a iron ore mining real-world scenario, several instances were generated to validate the proposed model. The results suggested that when the ore grade is included in the SC design, different configurations with direct effects on costs and emissions of equivalent carbon dioxide are obtained; in addition, the ETS showed to be a valid option for reducing both costs and the environmental impact along the SC. Finally, we analyze the environmental and economic impact in front of ore grade and carbon credit price variations to find managerial insights that can help decision-makers in this sector.

采矿业的一个重要问题是减少供应链（SC）所有过程中的温室气体（GHG）排放。良好的供应链网络设计（SCND）涉及环境战略挑战，可以解决此问题。由于有关采矿业SCND的文献稀少，因此本文针对多级，多周期，多产品的环境采矿SCND进行了研究，目的是根据排放交易计划（ETS）减少温室气体排放，同时最大限度地减少温室气体排放。 ETS产生的投资，运输，运营成本和碳信用额成本。为了解决这个问题，我们提出了一个混合整数线性规划模型，该模型考虑了能力设施在SC中的位置，通过沿着采矿SC多个梯队进行的混合和选矿等附加过程，解决与采矿前沿可用的矿石品级有关的特定采矿问题以及客户在质量和数量方面的满意度要求。我们的模型首次整合了矿石品级对采矿SCND的环境影响。以铁矿石开采现实世界中的一个启发为基础的案例，生成了几个实例来验证所提出的模型。结果表明，当将矿石品级纳入SC设计时，可获得对成本和等效二氧化碳排放量有直接影响的不同配置。此外，碳交易体系被证明是降低成本和降低可持续发展委员会环境影响的有效选择。最后，