Effect of bio-augmentation of Bacillus spp in biofloc on growth, survival and immunity in Indian white shrimp Penaeus indicus was evaluated. Nine Bacillus strains were isolated and screened individually as well as in the form of a consortia. To maintain a C:N ratio of 12:1 a blend of carbohydrate sources was used. Bio-augmentation with bacterial consortium and Virgibacillus sp. produced improved growth and immunity. Shrimp survival ranged from 80 to 95% among treatments. Production was higher (35%) in the biofloc tanks with an average body weight (ABW) of 10.89 ± 1.2 g. On evaluating the immune responses, it was found that trypsin significantly (P < 0.05) enhanced Prophenoloxidase (PO) activity in Lysinibacillus, Bacillus cereus, Bacillus licheniformis and Bacillus subtilis bio-augmented groups. Laminarin induced PO activity was observed in groups supplemented with Oceanobacillus sp., Bacillus sp.and Bacillus megaterium. The lysozyme (LZ) activity was significantly (P < 0.05) higher in B. cereus and Microbial Consortia (MC), while other treatments were less effective. Total hemocyte count (THC) significantly (P < 0.05) increased in all treatment groups compared to the control. Hyaline hemocyte (HH) count was significantly (P < 0.05) higher in the control group (14.43%). Semi granular hemocytes (SGH) was higher in groups treated with Lysinibacillus, Bacillus sp., B. licheniformis and B. subtilis. The granular hemocyte (GH) count was significantly (P < 0.05) higher in Virgibacillus sp., B. cereus, B.megaterium and Oceanobacillus sp. The biofloc alone (BF), treated and augmented with B. megaterium significantly (P < 0.05) increased phagocytic activity. Highly significant phagocytic index (PI) was observed in bio-augmented groups, BF and MC. The relative expression levels of immune genes were found to be significantly up-regulated in shrimps grown in bio-augmented groups. Enhanced immunological parameters implies that bio-augmentation of biofloc with Bacillus spp. improved immunity in shrimps. Hence, bio-augmentation of probiotics in biofloc may be useful in improving culture conditions to produce P. indicus.

中文翻译：

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生物絮凝系统中异养细菌的生物增强可改善印度白对虾印度对虾的生长，存活和免疫力。

评估了生物絮凝剂中生物芽孢杆菌的生物增强对印度白对虾印度对虾生长，存活和免疫的影响。分离并筛选了九种芽孢杆菌菌株，并以联合体的形式进行了筛选。为了保持C：N比为12：1，使用了碳水化合物源的混合物。与细菌联合体和Virgibacillus sp。的生物增强。产生了改善的生长和免疫力。在处理之间，虾的存活率在80％到95％之间。生物絮凝罐的产量更高（35％），平均体重（ABW）为10.89±1.2 g。在评估免疫反应时，发现胰蛋白酶显着（P <0.05）增强了Lysinibacillus，蜡状芽孢杆菌，地衣芽孢杆菌和枯草芽孢杆菌生物增强组中的酚氧化酶（PO）活性。在补充海洋杆菌属，芽孢杆菌属和巨大芽孢杆菌的组中观察到了层粘连蛋白诱导的PO活性。在蜡状芽孢杆菌和微生物联盟（MC）中，溶菌酶（LZ）活性显着较高（P <0.05），而其他治疗效果较差。与对照组相比，所有治疗组的总血细胞计数（THC）明显增加（P <0.05）。对照组的透明质酸血细胞（HH）计数显着更高（P <0.05）（14.43％）。在用Lysinibacillus，Bacillus sp。，B。licheniformis和B.subtilis处理的组中，半颗粒血细胞（SGH）较高。Virgibacillus sp。，蜡状芽孢杆菌，B.megaterium和Oceanobacillus sp。中的颗粒血细胞（GH）计数显着（P <0.05）高。单独的生物絮凝剂（BF）进行了巨大芽孢杆菌的治疗和扩增（P <0。05）增加吞噬活性。在生物增强组BF和MC中观察到了高度显着的吞噬指数（PI）。发现在生物增强组中生长的虾中免疫基因的相对表达水平显着上调。增强的免疫学参数暗示了芽孢杆菌属生物絮凝剂的生物增强作用。提高虾的免疫力。因此，生物絮凝剂中益生菌的生物增强可用于改善培养条件以生产印度对虾。提高虾的免疫力。因此，生物絮凝剂中益生菌的生物增强可用于改善培养条件以生产印度对虾。提高虾的免疫力。因此，生物絮凝剂中益生菌的生物增强可用于改善培养条件以生产印度对虾。