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Excess melanin precursors rescue defective cuticular traits in stony mutant silkworms probably by upregulating four genes encoding RR1-type larval cuticular proteins.
Insect Biochemistry and Molecular Biology ( IF 3.2 ) Pub Date : 2020-01-13 , DOI: 10.1016/j.ibmb.2020.103315 Liang Qiao 1 , Zheng-Wen Yan 2 , Gao Xiong 2 , You-Jin Hao 1 , Ri-Xin Wang 2 , Hai Hu 2 , Jiang-Bo Song 2 , Xiao-Ling Tong 2 , Lin-Rong Che 1 , Song-Zhen He 2 , Bin Chen 1 , James Mallet 3 , Cheng Lu 2 , Fang-Yin Dai 2
Insect Biochemistry and Molecular Biology ( IF 3.2 ) Pub Date : 2020-01-13 , DOI: 10.1016/j.ibmb.2020.103315 Liang Qiao 1 , Zheng-Wen Yan 2 , Gao Xiong 2 , You-Jin Hao 1 , Ri-Xin Wang 2 , Hai Hu 2 , Jiang-Bo Song 2 , Xiao-Ling Tong 2 , Lin-Rong Che 1 , Song-Zhen He 2 , Bin Chen 1 , James Mallet 3 , Cheng Lu 2 , Fang-Yin Dai 2
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Melanin and cuticular proteins are vital cuticle components in insects. Cuticular defects caused by mutations in cuticular protein-encoding genes can obstruct melanin deposition. The effects of changes in melanin on the expression of cuticular protein-encoding genes, the cuticular and morphological traits, and the origins of these effects are unknown. We found that the cuticular physical characteristics and the expression patterns of larval cuticular protein-encoding genes markedly differed between the melanic and non-melanic integument regions. By using four p multiple-allele color pattern mutants with increasing degrees of melanism (+p, pM, pS, and pB), we found that the degree of melanism and the expression of four RR1-type larval cuticular protein-encoding genes (BmCPR2, BmLcp18, BmLcp22, and BmLcp30) were positively correlated. By modulating the content of melanin precursors and the expression of cuticular protein-encoding genes in cells in tissues and in vivo, we showed that this positive correlation was due to the induction of melanin precursors. More importantly, the melanism trait introduced into the BmCPR2 deletion strain Dazao-stony induced up-regulation of three other similar chitin-binding characteristic larval cuticular protein-encoding genes, thus rescuing the cuticular, morphological and adaptability defects of the Dazao-stony strain. This rescue ability increased with increasing melanism levels. This is the first study reporting the induction of cuticular protein-encoding genes by melanin and the biological importance of this induction in affecting the physiological characteristics of the cuticle.
中文翻译：
过量的黑色素前体可能通过上调编码RR1型幼虫表皮蛋白的四个基因来挽救石质突变家蚕中的表皮性状缺陷。
黑色素和表皮蛋白是昆虫中至关重要的表皮成分。由表皮蛋白编码基因突变引起的表皮缺损可阻碍黑色素沉积。黑色素的变化对表皮蛋白编码基因的表达，表皮和形态特征以及这些作用的起源的影响尚不清楚。我们发现表皮的物理特性和幼虫表皮蛋白编码基因的表达模式之间的黑色素和非黑色素被膜区域明显不同。通过使用四个p的多等位基因颜色模式突变体与黑色素的程度增加（+ p，pM，pS和pB），我们发现黑色素的程度和四个RR1型幼虫表皮蛋白编码基因（BmCPR2 ，BmLcp18，BmLcp22和BmLcp30）呈正相关。通过调节黑色素前体的含量以及组织和体内细胞中表皮蛋白编码基因的表达，我们表明这种正相关是由于黑色素前体的诱导。更重要的是，引入BmCPR2缺失菌株Dazao-stony的黑色素性状诱导了其他三个相似的几丁质结合特征幼虫表皮蛋白编码基因的上调，从而挽救了Dazao-stony菌株的表皮，形态和适应性缺陷。这种救援能力随着黑色素水平的提高而增加。这是第一项报道黑色素诱导表皮蛋白编码基因及其在影响表皮生理特性中的生物学重要性的研究。
更新日期：2020-01-13
中文翻译：
过量的黑色素前体可能通过上调编码RR1型幼虫表皮蛋白的四个基因来挽救石质突变家蚕中的表皮性状缺陷。
黑色素和表皮蛋白是昆虫中至关重要的表皮成分。由表皮蛋白编码基因突变引起的表皮缺损可阻碍黑色素沉积。黑色素的变化对表皮蛋白编码基因的表达，表皮和形态特征以及这些作用的起源的影响尚不清楚。我们发现表皮的物理特性和幼虫表皮蛋白编码基因的表达模式之间的黑色素和非黑色素被膜区域明显不同。通过使用四个p的多等位基因颜色模式突变体与黑色素的程度增加（+ p，pM，pS和pB），我们发现黑色素的程度和四个RR1型幼虫表皮蛋白编码基因（BmCPR2 ，BmLcp18，BmLcp22和BmLcp30）呈正相关。通过调节黑色素前体的含量以及组织和体内细胞中表皮蛋白编码基因的表达，我们表明这种正相关是由于黑色素前体的诱导。更重要的是，引入BmCPR2缺失菌株Dazao-stony的黑色素性状诱导了其他三个相似的几丁质结合特征幼虫表皮蛋白编码基因的上调，从而挽救了Dazao-stony菌株的表皮，形态和适应性缺陷。这种救援能力随着黑色素水平的提高而增加。这是第一项报道黑色素诱导表皮蛋白编码基因及其在影响表皮生理特性中的生物学重要性的研究。
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