Disturbances associated with agricultural intensification reduce our ability to achieve sustainable crop production. These disturbances stem from crop-management tactics and can leave crop fields more vulnerable to insect outbreaks, in part because natural-enemy communities often tend to be more susceptible to disturbance than herbivorous pests. Recent research has explored practices that conserve natural-enemy communities and reduce pest outbreaks, revealing that different components of agroecosystems can influence natural-enemy populations. In this review, we consider a range of disturbances that influence pest control provided by natural enemies and how conservation practices can mitigate or counteract disturbance. We use four case studies to illustrate how conservation and disturbance mitigation increase the potential for biological control and provide co-benefits for the broader agroecosystem. To facilitate the adoption of conservation practices that improve top-down control across significant areas of the landscape, these practices will need to provide multifunctional benefits, but should be implemented with natural enemies explicitly in mind.

中文翻译：

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平衡农业生态系统中的干扰与保护以改善生物防治。

与农业集约化有关的干扰降低了我们实现可持续作物生产的能力。这些干扰源于作物管理策略，可能使农田更容易受到昆虫爆发的影响，部分原因是天敌社区通常比草食性害虫更容易受到干扰。最近的研究探索了保护自然敌人社区并减少虫害暴发的方法，并揭示了农业生态系统的不同组成部分可以影响自然敌人的种群。在这篇综述中，我们考虑了一系列干扰因素，这些干扰因素会影响天敌对害虫的控制，以及保护措施如何减轻或抵消干扰因素。我们使用四个案例研究来说明保护和减轻干扰如何增加生物防治的潜力，并为更广泛的农业生态系统提供共同的利益。为了促进采用保护措施，以改善对景观的重要区域的自上而下的控制，这些措施将需要提供多功能的好处，但在实施时应明确考虑天敌。