Abstract With the ever-increasing demands for miniaturization of high-power supercapacitors, carbon materials maintaining good rate capability at high mass loadings are urgently needed. Herein, we prepare mesopore-dominated hollow carbon nanoparticles with good capacitive performance from commercial carbon black through an extremely simple air oxidation method. Taking advantage of the crystallinity inhomogeneity of carbon black nanoparticles, the hollow carbon nanoparticles are prepared by selective removal of the amorphous cores while maintaining of the ordered skins. The hollow carbon nanoparticles show large inner cavities, perforated mesoporous structure, and increased surface area from 87.4 to 753.2 m2 g−1, providing abundant electrolyte reservoirs, ion migration channels, and active sites especially for thick electrodes. The sample shows a dramatically enhanced capacitance from 5 F g−1 of the carbon black to 175 F g−1. Importantly, the assembled symmetric device exhibits high areal capacitance of 2.31 F cm−2 at 1 A g−1 and remarkable rate performance of 1.59 F cm−2 at 10 A g−1 even with an ultrahigh mass loading of 15 mg cm−2. Our work helps the deep understanding of the structural transformation of carbon black, and provides a scalable preparation route for hollow carbon nanoparticles with great potential for supercapacitors application.

中文翻译：

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炭黑简单空气氧化制备的介孔占主导地位的空心碳纳米粒子用于大容量负载超级电容器

摘要 随着对大功率超级电容器小型化的需求不断增加，迫切需要在大质量负载下保持良好倍率性能的碳材料。在此，我们通过极其简单的空气氧化方法从商业炭黑中制备出具有良好电容性能的介孔主导的空心碳纳米粒子。利用炭黑纳米颗粒结晶度的不均匀性，通过选择性去除非晶核同时保持有序表皮来制备中空碳纳米颗粒。中空碳纳米颗粒显示出较大的内腔、穿孔的介孔结构，表面积从 87.4 m2 g-1 增加到 753.2 m2 g-1，提供了丰富的电解质库、离子迁移通道和活性位点，特别是对于厚电极。样品显示从炭黑的 5 F g-1 到 175 F g-1 的电容显着增强。重要的是，组装的对称器件在 1 A g-1 下表现出 2.31 F cm-2 的高面电容和在 10 A g-1 下 1.59 F cm-2 的显着倍率性能，即使在 15 mg cm-2 的超高质量负载下也是如此. 我们的工作有助于深入理解炭黑的结构转变，并为具有巨大超级电容器应用潜力的中空碳纳米粒子提供了可扩展的制备途径。