This paper investigates the impact of residual transceiver hardware impairments (RTHIs) on cooperative non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) networks, where generic $\alpha -\mu $ fading channel is considered. To be practical, imperfect channel state information (CSI) and imperfect successive interference cancellation (SIC) are taken into account. More particularly, two representative NOMA scenarios are proposed, namely non-cooperative NOMA and cooperative NOMA. For the non-cooperative NOMA, the base station (BS) directly performs NOMA with all users. For the cooperative NOMA, the BS communicates with NOMA users with the aid of an amplify-and-forward (AF) relay, and the direct links between BS and users are existent. To characterize the performance of the proposed networks, new closed-form and asymptotic expressions for the outage probability (OP), ergodic capacity (EC) and energy efficiency (EE) are derived, respectively. Specifically, we also design the relay location optimization algorithms from the perspectives of minimize the asymptotic OP. For non-cooperative NOMA, it is proved that the OP at high signal-to-noise ratios (SNRs) is a function of threshold, distortion noises, estimation errors and fading parameters, which results in 0 diversity order. In addition, high SNR slopes and high SNR power offsets achieved by users are studied. It is shown that there are rate ceilings for the EC at high SNRs due to estimation error and distortion noise, which cause 0 high SNR slopes and $\infty $ high SNR power offsets. For cooperative NOMA, similar results can be obtained, and it also demonstrates that the outage performance of cooperative NOMA scenario exceeds the non-cooperative NOMA scenario in the high SNR regime.

中文翻译：

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协作 NOMA 网络上的残余收发器硬件损坏

本文研究了残余收发器硬件损伤 (RTHI) 对协作非正交多址 (NOMA) 网络的影响，其中通用 $\alpha -\mu $ 考虑衰落信道。实际上，考虑了不完善的信道状态信息（CSI）和不完善的连续干扰消除（SIC）。更具体地说，提出了两种具有代表性的 NOMA 方案，即非合作 NOMA 和合作 NOMA。对于非合作 NOMA，基站（BS）直接与所有用户进行 NOMA。对于协作NOMA，BS通过放大转发（AF）中继与NOMA用户进行通信，BS与用户之间存在直接链路。为了表征所提出的网络的性能，分别导出了中断概率（OP）、遍历容量（EC）和能源效率（EE）的新封闭形式和渐近表达式。具体来说，我们还从最小化渐近OP的角度设计了中继位置优化算法。对于非合作 NOMA，证明高信噪比 (SNR) 下的 OP 是阈值、失真噪声、估计误差和衰落参数的函数，这导致 0 分集阶。此外，高 SNR 斜率 和 高 SNR 功率偏移用户所取得的成果进行了研究。结果表明，由于估计误差和失真噪声，EC 在高 SNR 下存在速率上限，这导致 0高 SNR 斜率 和 $\infty $ 高 SNR 功率偏移. 对于合作 NOMA，可以获得类似的结果，并且也证明了合作 NOMA 场景的中断性能在高 SNR 情况下超过了非合作 NOMA 场景。