Integrated zoom and image stabilization system based on deformable mirrors (DMs) has advantages of miniaturization, rapid response and low energy consumption. Integrating the two capabilities on one DM-based imaging system poses considerable challenges. First, limited DM stroke will result in limited changeable aberration correction value for zoom and image stabilization. Second, the DM-based off-axis imaging system suffers a simple relative movement between optical axis and objects caused by carrier vibration may result in complicated optical system aberrations. To address these challenges, a reasonable assignment of the changeable aberration correction value for zoom and image stabilization is needed. Image stabilization and aberration correction in DM-based off-axis imaging system, should be considered when translation or rotation occurs. To troubleshoot the assignment issues of the correcting aberrations, we propose a graded optimization method which comprises two steps. To troubleshoot the image stabilization and aberration correction issues, we introduce vectorial ray tracing method and image point freezing principle to transform the aberration correction problem into an optimization problem of image coordinates. With the proposed method, we construct practical integrated freeform surfaces of DMs for a space camera with three mirrors. The sagittal heights of designed DM surface profiles are limited within their available stroke.

中文翻译：

---

基于矢量光线追踪和像点冻结法的变焦稳像集成系统中可变形反射镜的自由曲面分级优化

基于变形镜（DMs）的集成变焦和图像稳定系统具有小型化、快速响应和低能耗的优点。在一个基于 DM 的成像系统上集成这两种功能带来了相当大的挑战。首先，有限的DM行程将导致变焦和图像稳定的可变像差校正值有限。其次，基于DM的离轴成像系统由于载流子振动引起光轴与物体之间的简单相对运动，可能导致复杂的光学系统像差。为了应对这些挑战，需要合理分配变焦和图像稳定的可变像差校正值。当发生平移或旋转时，应考虑基于 DM 的离轴成像系统中的图像稳定和像差校正。为了解决校正像差的分配问题，我们提出了一种包括两个步骤的分级优化方法。为了解决图像稳定和像差校正问题，我们引入矢量光线追踪方法和图像点冻结原理，将像差校正问题转化为图像坐标优化问题。使用所提出的方法，我们为具有三个反射镜的空间相机构建了实用的 DM 集成自由曲面。设计的 DM 表面轮廓的矢状高度限制在其可用行程内。我们引入矢量光线追踪方法和图像点冻结原理，将像差校正问题转化为图像坐标优化问题。使用所提出的方法，我们为具有三个反射镜的空间相机构建了实用的 DM 集成自由曲面。设计的 DM 表面轮廓的矢状高度限制在其可用行程内。我们引入矢量光线追踪方法和图像点冻结原理，将像差校正问题转化为图像坐标优化问题。使用所提出的方法，我们为具有三个反射镜的空间相机构建了实用的 DM 集成自由曲面。设计的 DM 表面轮廓的矢状高度限制在其可用行程内。