A field study was conducted to understand the physiological responses, yield and grain quality of an old (HUW234) and a modern (HD3118) wheat cultivar exposed to elevated ozone (O₃). The cultivars were grown under ambient O₃ (NF) and ambient +20 ppb O₃ (NF+) conditions using open-top chambers (OTCs). The comparative study of an old and a modern cultivar showed variable physiological responses under elevated O₃ exposure. Elevated O₃ in old cultivar caused high reductions in Rubisco activity (Vc_max) and electron transport rate (J) compared to modern cultivar with simultaneous reductions in the rate of photosynthesis and chlorophyll fluorescence. In modern cultivar, high stomatal density and conductance caused higher O₃ uptake thereby triggering more damage to the adjacent stomatal cells and photosynthetic pigments coupled with reductions in photosynthetic rate and photosynthetic nitrogen use efficiency (PNUE). Modern cultivar also showed relatively high reduction in grain yield compared to old one under NF + treatment. Furthermore, grain quality traits (such as starch, protein and amino acids) of modern cultivar were better than old cultivar under ambient O₃, but showed more deterioration under NF + treatment. Results thus indicated that modern cultivar is relatively more susceptible to O₃ and showed more negative impacts on plant performance, yield and quality of grains compared to old cultivar.

进行了田间研究，以了解暴露于高浓度臭氧（O ₃）的旧小麦（HUW234）和现代小麦（HD3118）的生理响应，产量和谷物品质。使用开放式室（OTC）在环境O ₃（NF）和环境+20 ppb O ₃（NF +）条件下培养这些品种。对一个老品种和一个现代品种的比较研究表明，在增加的O ₃暴露下，生理反应存在差异。老品种中O ₃升高导致Rubisco活性大大降低（Vc _max）和电子传输速率（J），与现代品种相比，同时降低了光合作用和叶绿素荧光的速率。在现代品种中，高的气孔密度和电导率导致较高的O ₃吸收，从而引发对邻近气孔细胞和光合色素的更多损害，同时降低了光合速率和光合氮的利用效率（PNUE）。与使用NF +处理的旧品种相比，现代品种也表现出相对较高的籽粒减产。此外，在环境O ₃下，现代品种的籽粒品质性状（如淀粉，蛋白质和氨基酸）要优于老品种。，但在NF +处理下表现出更多的恶化。因此结果表明，与旧品种相比，现代品种对O _3的敏感性更高，并且对植株性能，产量和品质的负面影响更大。