Si and Ge-Based Anode Materials for Li-, Na-, and K-Ion Batteries: A Perspective from Structure to Electrochemical Mechanism.,Small

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Si and Ge-Based Anode Materials for Li-, Na-, and K-Ion Batteries: A Perspective from Structure to Electrochemical Mechanism.
Small ( IF 13.0 ) Pub Date : 2020-01-10 , DOI: 10.1002/smll.201905260
Laura C Loaiza ₁ , Laure Monconduit _{2,

3,

4} , Vincent Seznec _{1,

3,

4}

Affiliation

Silicon and germanium are among the most promising candidates as anodes for Li-ion batteries, meanwhile their potential application in sodium- and potassium-ion batteries is emerging. The access of their entire potential requires a comprehensive understanding of their electrochemical mechanism. This Review highlights the processes taking place during the alloying reaction of Si and Ge with the alkali ions. Several associated challenges, including the volumetric expansion, particle pulverization, and uncontrolled formation of solid electrolyte interphase layer must be surmounted and different strategies, such as nanostructures and electrode formulation, have been implemented. Additionally, a new approach based on the use of layered Si and Ge-based Zintl phases is presented. The versatility of this new family permits the tuning of their physical and chemical properties for specific applications. For batteries in particular, the layered structure buffers the volume expansion and exhibits an enhanced electronic conductivity, allowing high power applications.

中文翻译：

锂，钠和钾离子电池的硅和锗基负极材料：从结构到电化学机理的视角。

硅和锗是锂离子电池阳极的最有前途的候选者，与此同时，它们在钠离子和钾离子电池中的潜在应用正在兴起。发挥其全部潜力需要对它们的电化学机理有一个全面的了解。这篇综述重点介绍了硅和锗与碱金属离子发生合金化反应的过程。必须克服几个相关的挑战，包括体积膨胀，颗粒粉碎和不受控制地形成固态电解质界面层，并且已经实施了不同的策略，例如纳米结构和电极配方。此外，提出了一种基于使用分层的基于Si和Ge的Zintl相的新方法。这个新系列的多功能性允许针对特定应用调整其物理和化学性质。特别是对于电池，分层结构可缓冲体积膨胀并具有增强的电导率，从而可用于高功率应用。

更新日期：2020-02-07

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