In order to obtain large-scale industrial silicon/carbon composites as anode materials for lithium-ion batteries, graphite-loaded nano-silicon (G@Si) composite was synthesized by a facile spray drying method, and then asphalt powders were fast fused on the surface and carbonized at 1100 °C for 2 h to obtain core–shell G@Si@C composite. The nano-Si particle was pinned on the graphite surface without bareness via asphalt carbon layer. The G@Si@C composite delivers excellent electrochemical performance with an initial reversible charge capacity of 502.5 mAh g −1 and coulombic efficiency of 87.5%, and the capacity retention is 83.4% after 400 cycles. The superior cycle performance is attributed to the carbon layer relieving volume change, stabilizing SEI film and inhibiting particle pulverization. Moreover, the outstanding high-rate discharge properties of G@Si@C composite may be owing to the preferable electrochemistry kinetics such as fast charge transfer and lithium-ion diffusion.

中文翻译：

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快速涂覆沥青制备纳米硅石墨碳包覆复合材料用于锂电池负极

为了获得大规模工业化的硅/碳复合材料作为锂离子电池的负极材料，通过简便的喷雾干燥法合成负载石墨的纳米硅（G@Si）复合材料，然后将沥青粉快速熔合在表面并在 1100°C 下碳化 2 小时以获得核壳 G@Si@C 复合材料。纳米硅颗粒通过沥青碳层固定在石墨表面而没有裸露。G@Si@C 复合材料具有优异的电化学性能，初始可逆充电容量为 502.5 mAh g -1，库仑效率为 87.5%，400 次循环后容量保持率为 83.4%。优异的循环性能归因于碳层缓解体积变化、稳定 SEI 膜和抑制颗粒粉化。而且，