Abstract This study aimed to investigate the impact of management system and lactation stage on camel milk fatty acid (FA) composition, with emphasis on odd and branched-chain FA (OBCFA), conjugated linoleic acids (CLA), and trans-FA (TFA). Milk samples were collected from thirteen camels managed under intensive and semi-intensive systems at early, mid, and late lactation. Our results provided for the first time the OBCFA profile in camel milk. Eleven OBCFA were identified with a predominance of C15:0, anteiso-C15:0, anteiso-C17:0, and C17:0. The vaccenic acid (VA) was the predominant TFA; other isomers appeared in smaller amounts. The Δ9-desaturase activity measured as desaturation index of C14:0 was relatively high in the mammary gland of camel. Milk from the semi-intensive system was characterized by a higher nutritional value, due to the higher contents of total CLA, rumenic acid (RA), VA, linoleic, α-linolenic, and polyunsaturated FA compared with milk from the intensive system. Few differences were found in the OBCFA profile throughout lactation. Our study provided deeper information on FA composition, showing that camel milk is a good source of OBCFA, RA and VA. These results have to be taken into account in the investigation of the functional properties of camel milk fat as well as in the ongoing intensification of camel farming systems.

中文翻译：

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管理系统和泌乳阶段对骆驼奶脂肪酸组成的影响

摘要 本研究旨在研究管理系统和泌乳阶段对骆驼奶脂肪酸 (FA) 组成的影响，重点是奇数和支链脂肪酸 (OBCFA)、共轭亚油酸 (CLA) 和反式脂肪酸 (TFA)。 ）。牛奶样品是从在集约化和半集约化系统下在泌乳早期、中期和晚期管理的 13 头骆驼中收集的。我们的结果首次提供了骆驼奶中的 OBCFA 谱。确定了 11 种 OBCFA，其中 C15:0、反异-C15:0、反异-C17:0 和 C17:0 占优势。异油酸 (VA) 是主要的 TFA；其他异构体出现的数量较少。以C14:0的去饱和指数测量的Δ9-去饱和酶活性在骆驼的乳腺中相对较高。半精养系统的牛奶具有更高的营养价值，由于与来自集约化系统的牛奶相比，总 CLA、瘤胃酸 (RA)、VA、亚油酸、α-亚麻酸和多不饱和脂肪酸的含量更高。在整个哺乳期的 OBCFA 谱中几乎没有发现差异。我们的研究提供了有关 FA 成分的更深入信息，表明骆驼奶是 OBCFA、RA 和 VA 的良好来源。在研究骆驼乳脂的功能特性以及持续加强骆驼养殖系统时，必须考虑这些结果。