Si-based materials have been extensively studied because of their high theoretical capacity, low working potential, and abundant reserves, but serious initial irreversible capacity loss and poor cyclic performance resulting from large volume change of Si during lithiation and delithiation processes restrict their widespread application. Herein, we report the preparation of multi-shell coated Si (DS-Si) nanocomposites by in-situ electroless deposition method using Si granules as the active materials and copper sulfate as Cu sources. The ratio of Si and Cu was readily tuned by varying the concentration of copper sulfate. The multi-shell ([email protected]_xSi/SiO₂) coating on Si surface promotes the formation of robust and dense SEI films and the transportation of electron. Thus, the obtained DS-Si composites exhibit an initial coulombic efficiency of 86.2%, a capacity of 1636 mAh g⁻¹ after 100 discharge–charge cycles at 840 mA g⁻¹, and an average charge capacity of 1493 mAh g⁻¹ at 4200 mA g⁻¹. This study provides a low-cost and large-scale approach to the preparation of nanostructured Si-metal composites anodes with good electrochemical performance for lithium ion batteries.

硅基材料由于其理论容量高，工作潜力低，储量丰富而受到了广泛的研究，但是由于在锂化和脱锂过程中硅的大量变化而导致的严重的初始不可逆容量损失和较差的循环性能限制了它们的广泛应用。在本文中，我们报道了通过原位化学沉积方法，以Si颗粒为活性材料，硫酸铜为Cu源，制备了多壳包覆的Si（DS-Si）纳米复合材料。通过改变硫酸铜的浓度可以容易地调整Si和Cu的比例。多壳（[受电子邮件保护] _x Si / SiO ₂硅表面的涂层促进了坚固而致密的SEI膜的形成以及电子的传输。因此，所获得的DS-Si复合材料表现出86.2％的初始库仑效率，1636毫安g的容量^{- 1}经过100次充放电循环在840毫安克^{- 1}，和的1493毫安g的平均充电容量^{- 1}在4200 mA g ^{- 1}。这项研究提供了一种低成本，大规模的方法来制备具有良好电化学性能的锂离子电池纳米结构硅金属复合阳极。