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Pharmacokinetics of oseltamivir phosphate and oseltamivir carboxylate in non-pregnant and pregnant rhesus monkeys.
Regulatory Toxicology and Pharmacology ( IF 3.0 ) Pub Date : 2020-01-09 , DOI: 10.1016/j.yrtph.2019.104569
Lucie Loukotková 1 , Mallikarjuna Basavarajappa 1 , Annie Lumen 1 , Rosemary Roberts 2 , Donald Mattison 3 , Suzanne M Morris 1 , Jeffrey Fisher 1 , Frederick A Beland 1 , Gonçalo Gamboa da Costa 1
Affiliation  

Oseltamivir is an antiviral drug approved to treat influenza in humans. Although the dosing regimen of this drug is well established for non-pregnant patients, it is not clear if the significant physiological alterations associated with pregnancy affect the pharmacokinetics of oseltamivir and, thus, warrant different dosing regimens to assure efficacy. In this study, we investigated the suitability of rhesus macaques as an animal model for studying oseltamivir pharmacokinetics during all trimesters of pregnancy in comparison to pre-pregnant conditions. Specifically, we compared the pharmacokinetics of oseltamivir and its pharmacologically active metabolite oseltamivir carboxylate in rhesus monkeys after intravenous and nasogastric administration of 2.5 mg oseltamivir phosphate/kg body weight given prior to and during the first, second, and third trimesters of pregnancy. Pregnancy had only a modest effect upon the pharmacokinetic parameters of oseltamivir and oseltamivir carboxylate. Monkeys treated intravenously in the third trimester had a reduction in Vd and CL, compared to non-pregnant monkeys. These changes did not occur in the other two trimesters. Pregnant monkeys treated intravenously had 20-25% decrease in AUC0-∞ of oseltamivir carboxylate and a corresponding increase in Vd and CL. Pregnant monkeys treated nasogastrically with oseltamivir phosphate demonstrated a pattern that recapitulated intravenous dosing. Taken together these data indicate that rhesus monkeys are an acceptable model for studying drug-pregnancy interactions.

中文翻译:

磷酸奥司他韦和羧酸奥司他韦在非妊娠和妊娠恒河猴中的药代动力学。

奥司他韦是一种被批准用于治疗人类流感的抗病毒药物。尽管该药物的给药方案已为非妊娠患者确立,但尚不清楚与妊娠相关的重大生理变化是否会影响奥司他韦的药代动力学,因此,需要不同的给药方案以确保疗效。在这项研究中,我们调查了猕猴作为一种动物模型,以研究与妊娠前状况相比在妊娠所有三个月中奥司他韦韦药代动力学的动物模型的适用性。具体来说,我们比较了在第一次,第二次和第二次给药之前和期间给予静脉和鼻胃给药2.5 mg磷酸奥司他韦/ kg体重后,在恒河猴中奥司他韦及其药理活性代谢产物奥司他韦羧酸盐的药代动力学。和怀孕的三个月。怀孕对奥司他韦和奥司他韦羧酸盐的药代动力学参数影响不大。与未怀孕的猴子相比,在妊娠晚期静脉内治疗的猴子的Vd和CL降低。这些变化在其他两个三个月中没有发生。静脉注射治疗的怀孕猴子的奥司他韦羧酸盐的AUC0-∞降低20-25%,Vd和CL相应升高。用磷酸奥司他韦鼻胃治疗的怀孕猴子表现出一种模式,可以概括静脉给药。这些数据加在一起表明,恒河猴是用于研究药物-妊娠相互作用的可接受模型。与未怀孕的猴子相比,在妊娠晚期静脉内治疗的猴子的Vd和CL降低。这些变化在其他两个三个月中没有发生。静脉注射治疗的怀孕猴子的奥司他韦羧酸盐的AUC0-∞降低20-25%,Vd和CL相应升高。经鼻用磷酸奥司他韦治疗的怀孕猴子表现出一种模式,可以概括静脉内给药。这些数据加在一起表明,恒河猴是用于研究药物-妊娠相互作用的可接受模型。与未怀孕的猴子相比,在妊娠晚期静脉内治疗的猴子的Vd和CL降低。这些变化在其他两个三个月中没有发生。静脉注射治疗的怀孕猴子的奥司他韦羧酸盐的AUC0-∞降低20-25%,Vd和CL相应升高。用磷酸奥司他韦鼻胃治疗的怀孕猴子表现出一种模式,可以概括静脉给药。这些数据加在一起表明,恒河猴是用于研究药物-妊娠相互作用的可接受模型。静脉注射治疗的怀孕猴子的奥司他韦羧酸盐的AUC0-∞降低20-25%,Vd和CL相应升高。用磷酸奥司他韦鼻胃治疗的怀孕猴子表现出一种模式,可以概括静脉给药。这些数据加在一起表明,恒河猴是用于研究药物-妊娠相互作用的可接受模型。静脉注射治疗的怀孕猴子的奥司他韦羧酸盐的AUC0-∞降低20-25%,Vd和CL相应升高。用磷酸奥司他韦鼻胃治疗的怀孕猴子表现出一种模式,可以概括静脉给药。这些数据加在一起表明,恒河猴是用于研究药物-妊娠相互作用的可接受模型。
更新日期:2020-01-10
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