In this study, effect of ultrasound on silver extraction from a refractory silver ore containing both native silver and various silver sulphide minerals was investigated. Main effects and interaction effects of pulp density, ultrasonic frequency, cyanide concentration, air flow rate and agitation speed on the extraction rate of silver were studied by a two-level fractional factorial experimental design. A few additional cyanidation tests were also conducted to verify the findings of the designed experiments. It was found that the overall extraction yield was varied from 67% to 90% depending on the operating conditions used in the sono-cyanidation tests (48 h). However, it was varied from 63% to 80% by same operating conditions used in the direct cyanidation tests at the same cyanidation time. It was observed that an increase in the ultrasonic frequency has a negligible effect on the silver recovery. More importantly, it was determined that there were insignificant differences between the 24-h sono-cyanidation results and the 48-h direct cyanidation results for each cyanidation conditions. This finding, which is very important from the cyanidation practice standpoint, indicates that the cyanidation time can be reduced up to 50%, or the capacity of an operating silver extraction plant can be increased up to 100% by the sono-cyanidation by the refractory silver ores. In order to describe the rate of silver dissolution in the cyanide solutions, the experimental data were analysed using shrinking core models. It was found that there is a good fit between the experimental data and the models, indicating the rate of silver dissolution in cyanide can be described by a two-stage, porous layer diffusion controlled, shrinking core model.

中文翻译：

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通过声氰化从难处理的银矿石中提取银。

在这项研究中，研究了超声波对从既含有天然银又含有​​多种硫化银矿物的难熔银矿石中提取银的影响。通过二级分级因子实验设计，研究了纸浆密度，超声频率，氰化物浓度，空气流速和搅拌速度对银提取率的主要影响和相互作用。还进行了一些其他的氰化试验，以验证设计实验的结果。已发现，总提取率从67％到90％不等，具体取决于声氰化试验（48 h）中使用的操作条件。但是，在直接氰化试验中，在相同的氰化时间下使用相同的操作条件，其变化范围从63％到80％。观察到超声频率的增加对银回收率的影响可忽略不计。更重要的是，对于每种氰化条件，确定24 h声氰化结果与48 h直接氰化结果之间没有显着差异。从氰化实践的角度来看，这一发现非常重要，表明氰化时间可以减少多达50％，或者通过耐火材料的声氰化可以将运行中的银提取装置的产能提高至100％。银矿。为了描述银在氰化物溶液中的溶解速率，使用收缩核模型分析了实验数据。发现实验数据和模型之间有很好的拟合，