The performance of many control tasks with Rydberg atoms can be improved via suppression of the motion-induced dephasing between ground and Rydberg states of neutral atoms. The dephasing often occurs during the {} time when the atom is shelved in a Rydberg state before its deexcitation. This work presents two theories to suppress this dephasing. {}, by using laser fields to induce specific extra phase change to the Rydberg state during the gap time, it is possible to faithfully transfer the Rydberg state back to the ground state after the gap. Although the Rydberg state transitions back and forth between different eigenstates during the gap time, it preserves the blockade interaction between the atom of interest and a nearby Rydberg excitation. This simple method of suppressing the motional dephasing of a flying Rydberg atom can be used in a broad range of quantum control over neutral atoms. {}, we find that the motional dephasing can also be suppressed by using a transition in a V'-type dual-rail configuration. The left~(right) arm of thisV’ represents a transition to a Rydberg state $|r_{1(2)}⟩$ with a Rabi frequency $\Omega e^{ikz}(\Omega e^{-ikz})$, where $z$ is frozen without atomic drift, but changes linearly in each experimental cycle. Such a configuration is equivalent to a transition between the ground state and a hybrid and time-dependent Rydberg state with a Rabi frequency $\sqrt{2}\Omega$, such that there is no phase error whenever the state returns to the ground state. We study two applications of the second theory: (i) it is possible to faithfully transfer the atomic state between a hyperfine ground state and Rydberg states $|r_{1(2)}⟩$ with no {} time between the excitation and deexcitation; (ii) by adding infrared laser fields to induce transition between $|r_{1(2)}⟩$ and a nearby Rydberg state $|r_3⟩$ via a largely detuned low-lying intermediate state in the {} time, the atom can keep its internal state in the Rydberg level as well as adjust the population branching in $|r_{1(2)}⟩$ during the {} time. This allows an almost perfect Rydberg deexcitation after the {} time, making it possible to recover a high fidelity in the Rydberg blockade gate. The theories pave the way for high-fidelity quantum control over neutral Rydberg atoms without cooling qubits to the motional ground states in optical traps.

中文翻译：

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抑制地面-里德伯格跃迁的运动相移以实现中性原子的高保真量子控制

通过抑制中性原子的基态和里德堡态之间运动引起的相移，可以提高许多使用里德堡原子的控制任务的性能。移相通常发生在{}期间，即原子在其失活之前以Rydberg态被搁置。这项工作提出了两种抑制这种移相的理论。{}，通过在间隙时间内使用激光场诱导Rydberg态发生特定的额外相变，可以在间隙之后将Rydberg态忠实地转换回基态。尽管里德堡态在间隙时间内在不同的本征态之间来回转变，但它保留了感兴趣原子与附近的里德堡激发之间的封锁相互作用。抑制飞行的里德堡原子的运动相移的这种简单方法可用于对中性原子进行广泛的量子控制。{}，我们发现还可以通过在V'-type dual-rail configuration. The left~(right) arm of thisV'代表向里德堡州的过渡 $|{\mathrm{[R}}_{\mathrm{1个}（2）}⟩$ 拉比频率 $\Omega {Ë}^{\mathrm{一世}ķž}（\Omega {Ë}^{-\mathrm{一世}ķž}）$，在哪里 $ž$冻结后没有原子漂移，但在每个实验周期中线性变化。这种配置等效于基态与具有拉比频率的混合且随时间变化的里德堡状态之间的过渡$\sqrt{2}\Omega$，这样每当状态返回到基态时就没有相位误差。我们研究第二种理论的两个应用：（i）可以在超精细基态和Rydberg态之间忠实地转移原子态$|{\mathrm{[R}}_{\mathrm{1个}（2）}⟩$激发和消磁之间没有{}时间；（ii）通过添加红外激光场来诱导$|{\mathrm{[R}}_{\mathrm{1个}（2）}⟩$ 和附近的里德堡州 $|{\mathrm{[R}}_3⟩$ 通过在{}时间内大幅失调的低位中间态，原子可以将其内部态保持在Rydberg能级，并调节 $|{\mathrm{[R}}_{\mathrm{1个}（2）}⟩$在那段时间里。经过{}次之后，这几乎可以使雷德伯格（Rydberg）几乎完全消磁，从而可以在雷德伯格（Rydberg）封锁门中恢复高保真度。这些理论为中性里德堡原子的高保真量子控制铺平了道路，而无需将量子位冷却到光阱中的运动基态。