Abstract As a highly efficient adsorbent, the DABCO-based ionic liquid modified Fe3O4 nanoparticles ([DABCO–C3OH]Cl@MNPs) has been successfully synthesized for the first time. The structure of nanoparticles was characterized by Field emission-scanning electron microscopy, Transmission electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, vibrating sample magnetometer, and Zeta potential analysis. The modified magnetic nanoparticles were applied as a new sorbent for the enrichment of five penicillins in different milk samples by using for the dispersive micro-solid phase extraction method. The extracted penicillins, i.e., ampicillin, benzylpenicillin, amoxicillin, oxacillin, and cloxacillin, were subsequently analyzed by ultra-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Important factors associated with the extraction and desorption efficiency were optimized by the univariate method and response surface methodology. The proposed method was validated according to the recommendations of the Commission Decision 2002/657/EC and the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) guideline. Excellent linearity ranges were obtained with correlation coefficients over 0.998, and the relative standard deviation values for the intra-day and inter-day precision were less than 5.8% with the extraction recoveries ranged from 87% to 107%. The limits of detection for the established method were found to be 0.03–0.20 µg kg−1. The originally established pretreatment and detection method has some merits, such as less solvent consumption, higher sensitivity, lower matrix effect, and easy operation. And the [DABCO–C3OH]Cl@MNPs exhibited potential as an efficient adsorbent in the extraction of the analytes from dairy products.

中文翻译：

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n采用新型离子液体修饰磁性纳米颗粒分散微固相萃取-超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法同时测定牛奶中的五种青霉素

摘要 作为一种高效吸附剂，首次成功合成了基于 DABCO 的离子液体改性 Fe3O4 纳米粒子（[DABCO-C3OH]Cl@MNPs）。通过场发射扫描电子显微镜、透射电子显微镜、傅里叶变换红外光谱、X射线衍射、振动样品磁强计和Zeta电位分析对纳米颗粒的结构进行了表征。将修饰的磁性纳米粒子作为一种新型吸附剂，用于分散微固相萃取法富集不同牛奶样品中的五种青霉素。提取的青霉素，即氨苄青霉素、苄青霉素、阿莫西林、苯唑西林和氯唑西林，随后通过超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法进行分析。通过单变量方法和响应面方法优化与提取和解吸效率相关的重要因素。根据委员会决定 2002/657/EC 和食品和药物管理局 (FDA) 指南的建议，对提议的方法进行了验证。获得了优异的线性范围，相关系数超过 0.998，日内和日间精密度的相对标准偏差值小于 5.8%，提取回收率范围为 87% 至 107%。已建立方法的检测限为 0.03–0.20 µg kg-1。原先建立的前处理检测方法具有溶剂消耗少、灵敏度高、基质效应低、操作简便等优点。