In this brief review we discuss some aspects of the Na+ pump and its roles in mediating the effects of ouabain and endogenous ouabain (EO): i) in regulating the cytosolic Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+]CYT) via Na/Ca exchange (NCX), and ii) in activating a number of protein kinase (PK) signaling cascades that control a myriad of cell functions. Importantly, [Ca2+]CYT and the other signaling pathways intersect at numerous points because of the influence of Ca2+ and calmodulin in modulating some steps in those other pathways. While both mechanisms operate in virtually all cells and tissues, this article focuses primarily on their functions in the cardiovascular system, the central nervous system (CNS) and the kidneys.

中文翻译：

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哇巴因，内源性哇巴因和类似哇巴因的因素：Na +泵/哇巴因受体，其与NCX的连接及其多种功能。

在这篇简短的综述中，我们讨论了Na +泵的某些方面及其在介导哇巴因和内源性哇巴因（EO）的作用中的作用：i）通过Na / Ca交换（NCX）调节胞质Ca2 +浓度（[Ca2 +] CYT） ，以及ii）激活许多控制多种细胞功能的蛋白激酶（PK）信号级联反应。重要的是，由于Ca2 +和钙调蛋白在调节其他途径中的某些步骤上的影响，[Ca2 +] CYT和其他信号通路在许多点处相交。虽然这两种机制实际上都作用于所有细胞和组织，但本文主要关注它们在心血管系统，中枢神经系统（CNS）和肾脏中的功能。