Abstract

With the rapid development of nanotechnology, metal sulfide nanoparticles have been widely detected in the environment including water, soils and sediments. Metal sulfides are considered as stable species in the environment, while transformation and risk of nanoparticles have attracted increasing attention due to their specific physicochemical properties compared to bulk materials. Here we review aggregation, sedimentation, chemical and biological transformations, and potential risk of silver sulfide (Ag₂S), zinc sulfide (ZnS), copper sulfide (CuS), cadmium sulfide (CdS) and lead sulfide nanoparticles, and quantum dots such as ZnS and CdS. The review shows that both stability and risk of metal sulfide nanoparticles are highly dependent on environmental factors such as pH, inorganic salts and natural organic matter.

中文翻译：

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环境中金属硫化物纳米粒子的命运和风险

摘要

随着纳米技术的飞速发展，金属硫化物纳米颗粒已在包括水，土壤和沉积物的环境中被广泛检测到。金属硫化物被认为是环境中的稳定物种，而与散装材料相比，由于其特殊的物理化学性质，纳米粒子的转化和风险已引起越来越多的关注。在这里，我们回顾了聚集，沉积，化学和生物转化以及硫化银（Ag ₂S），硫化锌（ZnS），硫化铜（CuS），硫化镉（CdS）和硫化铅纳米颗粒，以及量子点（例如ZnS和CdS）。审查表明，金属硫化物纳米颗粒的稳定性和风险都高度依赖于环境因素，例如pH，无机盐和天然有机物。