Abstract Understanding rock deformation processes in solid Earth materials, from the crystal to the tectonic plate scale, is essential for characterising the evolution of the lithosphere and for predicting how rocks behave in the subsurface. Temperature is a key parameter that determines what rock deformation processes are active and therefore how tectonic structures form. Moreover, it controls the migration of fluids and melt in the Earth's crust that lead to phase transformations and changes in rock rheology. This special issue gathers a collection of research papers following the 21st International Conference on Deformation Mechanisms, Rheology and Tectonics (DRT-2017), which was held in Inverness (Scotland) in April–May 2017, organised by the University of Aberdeen. These contributions provide a significant advance in the study of rock deformation and fluid/melt migration at multiple crustal levels, from deformation bands near the Earth's surface to shear zones in partially molten rocks in the lower crust. In this introductory article, we first provide an overview of how temperature controls deformation mechanisms and processes and then introduce the collection of research papers ordered from those analysing deformation processes occurring at high temperatures to contributions reporting deformation at shallow crustal conditions.

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从热到冷 - 岩石变形过程的温度依赖性：介绍

摘要 了解固体地球材料中从晶体到构造板块尺度的岩石变形过程，对于表征岩石圈的演化和预测岩石在地下的行为至关重要。温度是决定哪些岩石变形过程是活跃的以及构造结构如何形成的关键参数。此外，它控制地壳中流体和熔体的迁移，从而导致岩石流变学的相变和变化。本特刊收集了由阿伯丁大学于 2017 年 4 月至 5 月在因弗内斯（苏格兰）举办的第 21 届变形机制、流变学和构造学国际会议 (DRT-2017) 之后的研究论文集。这些贡献为研究多地壳水平的岩石变形和流体/熔体迁移提供了重大进展，从地球表面附近的变形带到下地壳部分熔融岩石的剪切带。在这篇介绍性文章中，我们首先概述了温度如何控制变形机制和过程，然后介绍了从分析高温下发生的变形过程到报告浅地壳条件下变形的贡献的研究论文集。