The maternal protein diet during the perinatal period can program the health of adult offspring. This study in rats evaluated the effects of protein quantity and quality in the maternal diet during gestation and lactation on weight and adiposity in female offspring. Six groups of dams were fed a high-protein (HP; 47% protein) or normal-protein (NP; 19% protein) isocaloric diet during gestation (_G) using either cow's milk (M), pea (P) or turkey (T) proteins. During lactation, all dams received the NP diet (protein source unchanged). From postnatal day (PND) 28 until PND70, female pups (n=8) from the dam milk groups were exposed to either an NP milk diet (NPM_W) or to dietary self-selection (DSS). All other pups were only exposed to DSS. The DSS design was a choice between five food cups containing HPM, HPP, HPT, carbohydrates or lipids. The weights and food intakes of the animals were recorded throughout the study, and samples from offspring were collected on PND70. During the lactation and postweaning periods, body weight was lower in the pea and turkey groups (NP_G and HP_G) versus the milk group (P<.0001). DSS groups increased their total energy and fat intakes compared to the NPM_W group (P<.0001). In all HP_G groups, total adipose tissue was increased (P=.03) associated with higher fasting plasma leptin (P<.05). These results suggest that the maternal protein source impacted offspring body weight and that protein excess during gestation, irrespective of its source, increased the risk of adiposity development in female adult offspring.

围产期的母体蛋白质饮食可以控制成年后代的健康。这项在大鼠中的研究评估了妊娠和哺乳期间母体饮食中蛋白质数量和质量对雌性后代体重和肥胖的影响。六组水坝在妊娠（_G）期间使用牛奶（M），豌豆（P）或火鸡（_G）饲喂高蛋白（HP; 47％蛋白质）或正常蛋白（NP; 19％蛋白质）等热量饮食。T）蛋白。泌乳期间，所有水坝都接受NP饮食（蛋白质来源不变）。从出生后的第28天（PND）到PND70，从母乳组中的雌性幼崽（n = 8）暴露于NP牛奶饮食（NP M _W）或饮食中的自我选择（DSS）。所有其他幼崽仅暴露于DSS。DSS设计是在包含HP M，HP P，HP T，碳水化合物或脂质的五个食物杯之间进行选择。在整个研究过程中记录动物的体重和食物摄入量，并在PND70上收集后代的样品。在泌乳和断奶后时期，体重是在豌豆和火鸡基（NP下_ģ和HP _ģ）与牛奶组（P <0.0001）。与NP M _W组相比，DSS组增加了总能量和脂肪摄入量（P <.0001）。在所有HP _G中组中，与更高的空腹血浆瘦素相关的总脂肪组织增加（P = .03）（P <.05）。这些结果表明，母体蛋白质来源会影响后代体重，并且妊娠期间蛋白质的过量（不论其来源如何）都会增加成年雌性后代肥胖发展的风险。