Abstract Low-cost porous carbon nanofibers with MnO2 are developed via simple and inexpensive processes by using lignin as an affordable carbon precursor and generator of porous structures through one-step electrospinning and carbonization without requiring any other activating agent and process. The lignin-based carbon nanofiber/MnO2 composites carbonized at high temperature have a high mesoporosity induced by pore opening effect, and thus exhibit a high capacitance retention of 87 % and optimum cycling stability with 93 % retention due to the excellent chemical reversibility. Further, the large surface area with many micropores derived from the low carbonization temperature affords high capacitive performance with a maximum specific capacitance of 212 Fg−1 at low current density and a high energy density of 26.5 Whkg−1 at a power density of 400 Wkg−1. These eco-friendly, low-cost, and pore-controlled MnO2/CNF composites have been designed with optimized carbonization temperature and lignin addition to enhance their capacitive properties.

中文翻译：

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热处理制备的2木质素衍生碳纳米纤维的微观结构与电化学性能的关系

摘要 使用木质素作为负担得起的碳前驱体和多孔结构的发生器，通过一步静电纺丝和碳化，无需任何其他活化剂和工艺，通过简单且廉价的工艺开发了具有 MnO2 的低成本多孔碳纳米纤维。在高温下碳化的木质素基碳纳米纤维/MnO2 复合材料具有由开孔效应引起的高介孔率，因此由于优异的化学可逆性而表现出 87% 的高电容保持率和 93% 的最佳循环稳定性。此外，由于碳化温度低，具有许多微孔的大表面积提供了高电容性能，在低电流密度和 26 的高能量密度下，最大比电容为 212 Fg-1。5 Whkg-1，功率密度为 400 Wkg-1。这些环保、低成本、孔隙可控的 MnO2/CNF 复合材料设计有优化的碳化温度和木质素，以提高其电容性能。