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Adrenergic Signaling in Muscularis Macrophages Limits Infection-Induced Neuronal Loss.
Cell ( IF 45.5 ) Pub Date : 2020-01-09 , DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2019.12.002
Fanny Matheis 1 , Paul A Muller 1 , Christina L Graves 1 , Ilana Gabanyi 1 , Zachary J Kerner 1 , Diego Costa-Borges 1 , Tomasz Ahrends 1 , Philip Rosenstiel 2 , Daniel Mucida 1
Affiliation  

Enteric-associated neurons (EANs) are closely associated with immune cells and continuously monitor and modulate homeostatic intestinal functions, including motility and nutrient sensing. Bidirectional interactions between neuronal and immune cells are altered during disease processes such as neurodegeneration or irritable bowel syndrome. We investigated the effects of infection-induced inflammation on intrinsic EANs (iEANs) and the role of intestinal muscularis macrophages (MMs) in this context. Using murine models of enteric infections, we observed long-term gastrointestinal symptoms, including reduced motility and loss of excitatory iEANs, which was mediated by a Nlrp6- and Casp11-dependent mechanism, depended on infection history, and could be reversed by manipulation of the microbiota. MMs responded to luminal infection by upregulating a neuroprotective program via β2-adrenergic receptor (β2-AR) signaling and mediated neuronal protection through an arginase 1-polyamine axis. Our results identify a mechanism of neuronal death post-infection and point to a role for tissue-resident MMs in limiting neuronal damage.

中文翻译:

肌肉巨噬细胞中的肾上腺素能信号传导限制了感染引起的神经元损失。

肠相关神经元 (EAN) 与免疫细胞密切相关,并持续监测和调节肠道稳态功能,包括运动和营养感应。在神经退行性疾病或肠易激综合征等疾病过程中,神经元和免疫细胞之间的双向相互作用会发生改变。我们研究了感染引起的炎症对内在 EAN (iEAN) 的影响以及肠肌层巨噬细胞 (MM) 在这种情况下的作用。使用肠道感染的小鼠模型,我们观察到长期胃肠道症状,包括运动性降低和兴奋性 iEAN 的丧失,这是由 Nlrp6 和 Casp11 依赖性机制介导的,取决于感染史,并且可以通过操纵微生物群。MM 通过 β2-肾上腺素能受体 (β2-AR) 信号传导上调神经保护程序并通过精氨酸酶 1-多胺轴介导神经元保护,从而对管腔感染作出反应。我们的结果确定了感染后神经元死亡的机制,并指出了组织驻留 MM 在限制神经元损伤中的作用。
更新日期:2020-01-09
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