A circular economy relies on the value of resources being maximised indefinitely, requiring that virtually no unrecoverable waste occurs. Biomass is highly significant in a circular economy in terms of material products and the provision of energy. To establish a circular bioeconomy, the practical implications of biomass use need to be appreciated by stakeholders throughout the value chain, from product design to waste management. This review addresses sustainable biomass production and its function as a feedstock from a European perspective. Anaerobic digestion of food waste is used as a case study to represent appropriate waste treatments. Crucial challenges are (1) Uncoupling the petrochemical industry and biomass production with renewable fertilisers; (2) Providing plentiful biomass for bio-based products by prioritising other renewable sources of energy; (3) Waste arising from food and agriculture must be minimised and returned to the economy; (4) Enhancing stakeholder cooperation across value chains.

中文翻译：

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生物量在循环经济中的重要性。

循环经济依赖于无限期地最大化资源的价值，要求几乎没有不可回收的废物发生。就物质产品和能源供应而言，生物量在循环经济中具有非常重要的意义。为了建立循环生物经济，从产品设计到废物管理的整个价值链中，利益相关者都需要意识到生物质利用的实际含义。本文从欧洲的角度探讨了可持续的生物质生产及其作为原料的功能。餐厨垃圾的厌氧消化被用作代表适当垃圾处理的案例研究。至关重要的挑战是：（1）石油化工和生物质生产与可再生肥料脱钩；（2）通过优先考虑其他可再生能源为生物基产品提供丰富的生物质；（3）必须将粮食和农业产生的废物减至最少，并重新回到经济中去；（4）加强跨价值链的利益相关者合作。