Analytical chemists resort to derivatization for improving the detection performance of certain categories of analytes. Within this context, alkylation reactions are regarded as an important asset for many methods based on GC-MS and LC-MS. Trialkyloxonium tetrafluoroborates (R[Formula: see text][BF4]-) are powerful alkylating agents with ionic liquid properties: they are nonvolatile salts soluble in water which are easier and safer to handle with respect to common alkylating agents like diazomethane. R[Formula: see text][BF4]- can perform the alkylation in both organic and aqueous media at pH conditions ranging from acidic to alkaline. Recent analytical applications of trialkyloxonium derivatizations include the high-precision determination of inorganic anions in complex matrices, the qualitative confirmation of chemical warfare agent degradation products in soils, the profiling of carboxylic acids in urine, and the detection of protein post-translational modifications induced by carbon dioxide. The common denominator for all methods presented can be found in the simplicity of the alkylation protocol which, in most of the cases, requires a single step addition of the reagent directly to the sample. Graphical Abstract Alkylation with trialkyloxonium salts for GC-MS and LC-MS analysis.

中文翻译：

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适用于GC-MS和LC-MS的多功能衍生化反应：用四氟硼酸三烷基氧鎓进行烷基化反应以得到无机阴离子，化学战剂降解产物，有机酸和蛋白质组学分析。

分析化学家诉诸于衍生化以改善某些类别分析物的检测性能。在这种情况下，烷基化反应被认为是许多基于GC-MS和LC-MS的方法的重要资产。四氟硼酸三烷基氧鎓盐（R [分子式：见正文] [BF4]-）是具有离子液体性质的强力烷基化剂：它们是溶于水中的非挥发性盐，相对于重氮甲烷等常见烷基化剂而言，它们更易于操作且更安全。R [式：参见文本] [BF 4]-可以在有机和水性介质中，在从酸性到碱性的pH条件下进行烷基化反应。三烷基氧鎓衍生化的最新分析应用包括高精度测定复杂基质中的无机阴离子，定性确认化学战剂在土壤中的降解产物，尿液中的羧酸谱以及检测二氧化碳诱导的蛋白质翻译后修饰。可以在烷基化方案的简单性中找到所提出的所有方法的共同点，在大多数情况下，烷基化方案需要将试剂直接一步添加到样品中。图形化用三烷基氧鎓盐进行烷基化，用于GC-MS和LC-MS分析。需要一步将试剂直接添加到样品中。图形化用三烷基氧鎓盐进行烷基化，用于GC-MS和LC-MS分析。需要一步将试剂直接添加到样品中。图形化用三烷基氧鎓盐进行烷基化，用于GC-MS和LC-MS分析。