In laser-solid interactions, electrons may be generated and subsequently accelerated to energies of the order-of-magnitude of the ponderomotive limit, with the underlying process dominated by direct laser acceleration. Breaking this limit, realized here by a radially-polarized laser pulse incident upon a wire target, can be associated with several novel effects. Three-dimensional Particle-In-Cell simulations show a relativistic intense laser pulse can extract electrons from the wire and inject them into the accelerating field. Anti-dephasing, resulting from collective plasma effects, are shown here to enhance the accelerated electron energy by two orders of magnitude compared to the ponderomotive limit. It is demonstrated that ultra-short radially polarized pulses produce super-ponderomotive electrons more efficiently than pulses of the linear and circular polarization varieties.

中文翻译：

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激光和固体直接相互作用中的电子加速度超出了磁致势极限

在激光与固体的相互作用中，可能会产生电子，然后将其加速到质子能级极限的数量级能量，而其下层过程主要是直接激光加速。打破此限制（在此可以通过入射到线靶上的径向偏振激光脉冲实现）可以带来多种新颖的效果。三维粒子模拟显示相对论性强激光脉冲可以从导线中提取电子并将其注入加速场。此处显示了由于集体等离子体效应而引起的抗相移，与质动力极限相比，可将加速的电子能量提高两个数量级。