The durability of cement mortar depends mainly on its impermeability properties. In this study, three different types of bentonite—sodium bentonite (Na-bent), calcium bentonite (Ca-bent), and magnesium bentonite (Mg-bent)—were added to a cement mortar at different proportions to investigate their effect on the mortar strength and impermeability. The results show that the three types of bentonite provide a significant improvement in the performance of cement mortar, and with increasing bentonite content, this effect is increasingly obvious. For samples with a bentonite content of 10 wt%, the improvement in compressive strength, flexural strength, and permeability with Na-bent can reach 77.5%, 54.5%, and 115.7%, respectively; the corresponding improvements with Ca-bent can reach 62.2%, 47.9%, and 101.9%, while those with Mg-bent can reach 71.6%, 52.2%, and 137.3%, respectively. The waterproofing performance of cement mortar containing Mg-bent is the best, with a maximum impermeability pressure 2.37 times that of the reference group, followed by Na-bent, and finally Ca-bent; however, the lowest impermeability pressure is also 2.02 times that of the reference group. In general, the addition of bentonite improved the strength and impermeability of the cement mortar and has potential application value for improving the durability of cement mortars.

水泥砂浆的耐久性主要取决于其抗渗性能。在这项研究中，将三种不同类型的膨润土-钠膨润土（Na-弯曲），钙膨润土（Ca-弯曲）和镁膨润土（Mg-弯曲）-以不同比例添加到水泥砂浆中，以研究它们对水泥的影响。砂浆强度和抗渗性。结果表明，这三种类型的膨润土可显着改善水泥砂浆的性能，并且随着膨润土含量的增加，这种作用越来越明显。对于膨润土含量为10 wt％的样品，Na弯曲后的抗压强度，抗弯强度和渗透率的改善分别可达到77.5％，54.5％和115.7％；钙弯曲的相应改善可达到62.2％，47.9％和101.9％，而镁弯曲的相应改善可达到71.6％，52。分别为2％和137.3％。含镁弯曲水泥砂浆的防水性能最好，最大抗渗压力是参考组的2.37倍，其次是钠弯曲，最后是钙弯曲。但是，最低的不渗透压力也是参考组的2.02倍。通常，膨润土的添加改善了水泥砂浆的强度和抗渗性，并且对于改善水泥砂浆的耐久性具有潜在的应用价值。