Human T cell leukemia virus type 1 (HTLV-1) causes adult T-cell leukemia-lymphoma (ATL) and inflammatory diseases. The HTLV-1 bZIP factor (HBZ) gene is constantly expressed in HTLV-1 infected cells and ATL cells. HBZ protein suppresses transcription of the tax gene through blocking the LTR recruitment of not only ATF/CREB factors but also CBP/p300. HBZ promotes transcription of Foxp3, CCR4, and T-cell immunoreceptor with Ig and ITIM domains (TIGIT). Thus, HBZ is critical for the immunophenotype of infected cells and ATL cells. HBZ also functions in its RNA form. HBZ RNA suppresses apoptosis and promotes proliferation of T cells. Since HBZ RNA is not recognized by cytotoxic T cells, HTLV-1 has a clever strategy for avoiding immune detection. HBZ plays central roles in maintaining infected T cells in vivo and determining their immunophenotype.

中文翻译：

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HTLV-1 bZIP 因子：致病的关键病毒基因

人类 T 细胞白血病病毒 1 型 (HTLV-1) 会导致成人 T 细胞白血病淋巴瘤 (ATL) 和炎症性疾病。HTLV-1 bZIP 因子 (HBZ) 基因在 HTLV-1 感染的细胞和 ATL 细胞中不断表达。HBZ 蛋白不仅通过阻断 ATF/CREB ​​因子的 LTR 募集，而且通过阻断 CBP/p300 的 LTR 募集来抑制 tax 基因的转录。HBZ 促进 Foxp3、CCR4 和具有 Ig 和 ITIM 结构域 (TIGIT) 的 T 细胞免疫受体的转录。因此，HBZ 对感染细胞和 ATL 细胞的免疫表型至关重要。HBZ 也以其 RNA 形式发挥作用。HBZ RNA 抑制细胞凋亡并促进 T 细胞增殖。由于 HBZ RNA 不被细胞毒性 T 细胞识别，HTLV-1 有一个巧妙的策略来避免免疫检测。HBZ 在体内维持受感染的 T 细胞和确定它们的免疫表型方面起着核心作用。