Whole-genome sequencing of 128 camels across Asia reveals origin and migration of domestic Bactrian camels.,Communications Biology

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Whole-genome sequencing of 128 camels across Asia reveals origin and migration of domestic Bactrian camels.
Communications Biology ( IF 5.2 ) Pub Date : 2020-01-07 , DOI: 10.1038/s42003-019-0734-6
Liang Ming _{1,

2} , Liyun Yuan _{3,

4} , Li Yi ₁ , Guohui Ding _{3,

5} , Surong Hasi ₆ , Gangliang Chen ₇ , Tuyatsetseg Jambl ₈ , Nemat Hedayat-Evright ₉ , Mijiddorj Batmunkh _{10,

11} , Garyaeva Khongr Badmaevna ₁₂ , Tudeviin Gan-Erdene ₁₃ , Batsukh Ts ₈ , Wenbin Zhang ₁₄ , Azhati Zulipikaer ₁₅ , Hosblig ₁₆ , Erdemt ₁₇ , Arkady Natyrov ₁₈ , Prmanshayev Mamay ₁₉ , Narenbatu ₂₀ , Gendalai Meng ₂₁ , Choijilsuren Narangerel ₂₂ , Orgodol Khongorzul ₁ , Jing He ₁ , Le Hai ₁ , Weili Lin ₃ , Sirendalai ₂ , Sarentuya ₂ , Aiyisi ₈ , Yixue Li _{3,

4,

23,

24} , Zhen Wang ₃ , Jirimutu _{1,

2,

10}

Affiliation

Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Engineering, Ministry of Education, College of Food Science and Engineering, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Huhhot, China.
Inner Mongolia Institute of Camel Research, West Alax, Inner Mongolia, China.
Key Laboratory of Computational Biology, CAS-MPG Partner Institute for Computational Biology, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China.
Bio-Med Big Data Center, CAS-MPG Partner Institute for Computational Biology, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China.
Gui'an Bio-Med Big Data Center, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang, China.
Key Laboratory of Clinical Diagnosis and Treatment Technology in Animal Disease, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Veterinary Medicine, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Huhhot, China.
Bactrian Camel Academe of Altai, Xingjiang Wangyuan Camel Milk Limited Company, Fuhai County, Xijiang, China.
College of Industrial Technology, Mongolian University of Science and Technology, Ulaanbaater, Mongolia.
University of Mohaghegh Arabili, Ardabil, Iran.
China-Mongolia Joint Laboratory for Biomacromolecule Research, Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia.
Mongolian Wild Camel Protection Area, Ministry of Nature and Environment, Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia.
Kirovski Plant, Non-Public Joint-Stock Company, Republic of Kalmykia, Russia.
Institute of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, Mongolian Academy of Sciences, Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia.
Bactrian Camel Institute of Alxa, Inner Mongolia, China.
Animal Science Institute, Xinjiang Academy of Animal Science, Urumqi, China.
Animal Husbandry Bureau of North Urad, Bayannuur, Inner Mongolia, China.
Animal Husbandry Workstation of West Sunid, Xiliingol, Inner Mongolia, China.
Agrarian Faculty, Kalmyk State University, Republic of Kalmykia, Russia.
Kazakh National Agrarian University, Almaty, Kazakhstan.
College of Animal Science, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Huhhot, China.
Department of Pharmacy, Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Huhhot, China.
Institute of Technology, Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia.
Shanghai Center for Bioinformation Technology, Shanghai Industrial Technology Institute, Shanghai, China.
Collaborative Innovation Center for Genetics and Development, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.

The domestic Bactrian camels were treated as one of the principal means of locomotion between the eastern and western cultures in history. However, whether they originated from East Asia or Central Asia remains elusive. To address this question, we perform whole-genome sequencing of 128 camels across Asia. The extant wild and domestic Bactrian camels show remarkable genetic divergence, as they were split from dromedaries. The wild Bactrian camels also contribute little to the ancestry of domestic ones, although they share close habitat in East Asia. Interestingly, among the domestic Bactrian camels, those from Iran exhibit the largest genetic distance and the earliest split from all others in the phylogeny, despite evident admixture between domestic Bactrian camels and dromedaries living in Central Asia. Taken together, our study support the Central Asian origin of domestic Bactrian camels, which were then immigrated eastward to Mongolia where native wild Bactrian camels inhabit.

中文翻译：

全亚洲128头骆驼的全基因组测序揭示了国内双峰驼的起源和迁徙。

国内的双峰驼被视为历史上东西方文化之间的主要运动方式之一。但是，它们起源于东亚还是中亚仍然难以捉摸。为了解决这个问题，我们对整个亚洲的128头骆驼进行了全基因组测序。由于野生骆驼和家养双峰驼与单峰骆驼分开，因此它们显示出显着的遗传差异。野生的双峰驼虽然在东亚有着紧密的栖息地，但对家养骆驼的贡献也很小。有趣的是，尽管双峰骆驼和生活在中亚的单峰骆驼之间有明显的混合，但在双峰骆驼的家畜中，伊朗的双峰骆驼的遗传距离最大，而且在系统发育上与其他所有骆驼的分裂最早。在一起

更新日期：2020-01-08

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