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The challenges of making informed decisions about treatment and trial participation following a cancer diagnosis: a qualitative study involving adolescents and young adults with cancer and their caregivers.
BMC Health Services Research ( IF 2.8 ) Pub Date : 2020-01-08 , DOI: 10.1186/s12913-019-4851-1
Ruth I Hart 1 , David A Cameron 2 , Fiona J Cowie 3 , Jeni Harden 1 , Nicholas B Heaney 3 , David Rankin 1 , Angela B Jesudason 4 , Julia Lawton 1
Affiliation  

BACKGROUND Limited attention has been paid to adolescents and young adults' (AYA's) experiences in the aftermath of a cancer diagnosis, despite this being a time when potentially life-changing decisions are made. We explored AYA's and caregivers' experiences of, and views about, making treatment and trial participation decisions following a cancer diagnosis, in order to understand, and help facilitate, informed treatment decision-making in this age group. METHODS Interviews were undertaken with 18 AYA diagnosed, or re-diagnosed, with cancer when aged 16-24 years, and 15 parents/caregivers. Analysis focused on the identification and description of explanatory themes. RESULTS Most AYA described being extremely unwell by the time of diagnosis and, consequently, experiencing difficulties processing the news. Distress and acceleration in clinical activity following diagnosis could further impede the absorption of treatment-relevant information. After referral to a specialist cancer unit, many AYA described quickly transitioning to a calm and pragmatic mind-set, and wanting to commence treatment at the earliest opportunity. Most reported seeing information about short-term side-effects of treatment as having limited relevance to their recovery-focused outlook at that time. AYA seldom indicated wanting to make choices about front-line treatment, with most preferring to defer decisions to health professionals. Even when charged with decisions about trial participation, AYA reported welcoming a strong health professional steer. Parents/caregivers attempted to compensate for AYA's limited engagement with treatment-relevant information. However, in seeking to ensure AYA received the best treatment, these individuals had conflicting priorities and information needs. CONCLUSION Our study highlights the challenging context in which AYA are confronted with decisions about front-line treatment, and reveals how their responses make it hard to ensure their decisions are fully informed. It raises questions about the direct value, to AYA, of approaches that aim to promote decision-making by improving understanding and recall of information, though such approaches may be of value to caregivers. In seeking to improve information-giving and involvement in treatment-related decision-making at diagnosis, care should be taken not to delegitimize the preference of many AYA for a directive approach from trusted clinicians.

中文翻译:

在癌症诊断后就治疗和试验参与做出明智的决定所面临的挑战:一项涉及青少年以及患有癌症的年轻成年人及其护理人员的定性研究。

背景技术尽管是在做出可能改变生活的决定的时候,但是在癌症诊断之后,青少年和年轻人(AYA)的经历受到了有限的关注。我们探讨了AYA和护理人员在癌症诊断后做出治疗和试验参与决策的经验和观点,以了解并帮助促进该年龄组的知情治疗决策。方法访谈对象为16岁至24岁的18名被诊断或重新诊断为癌症的AYA,以及15名父母/监护人。分析着重于对解释性主题的识别和描述。结果大多数AYA表示,在诊断时非常不适,因此在处理新闻时遇到困难。诊断后临床活动的困扰和加速可能会进一步阻碍与治疗相关的信息的吸收。转诊至癌症专科后,许多AYA都描述了迅速过渡到沉稳务实的思维定势,并希望尽早开始治疗。大多数人报告看到有关治疗的短期副作用的信息与当时他们以恢复为中心的观点相关性有限。AYA很少表示希望对一线治疗做出选择,而大多数人倾向于将决定权交给卫生专业人员。即使就有关参与试验的决定负责,AYA也报告称欢迎有力的卫生专业人员指导。父母/看护人试图通过与治疗相关的信息来弥补AYA的参与不足。然而,为了确保AYA得到最好的治疗,这些人的优先顺序和信息需求相互矛盾。结论我们的研究突出了AYA面临有关一线治疗决策的挑战性背景,并揭示了他们的应对方式如何使其难以确保他们的决策获得充分的信息。它提出了一种旨在通过提高对信息的理解和回忆来促进决策制定的方法对AYA的直接价值的问题,尽管这种方法可能对看护人有价值。在寻求改善诊断时的信息提供和参与治疗相关决策的过程中,应注意不要剥夺许多AYA对​​可信赖临床医生的指导方法的偏爱。这些人的优先级和信息需求相互矛盾。结论我们的研究突出了AYA面临有关一线治疗决策的挑战性背景,并揭示了他们的反应如何使其难以确保他们的决策获得充分的信息。它提出了一种旨在通过提高对信息的理解和回忆来促进决策制定的方法对AYA的直接价值的问题,尽管这种方法可能对看护人有价值。在寻求改善诊断时的信息提供和参与治疗相关决策的过程中,应注意不要剥夺许多AYA对​​可信赖临床医生的指导方法的偏爱。这些人的优先级和信息需求相互矛盾。结论我们的研究突出了AYA面临有关一线治疗决策的挑战性背景,并揭示了他们的应对方式如何使其难以确保他们的决策获得充分的信息。它提出了一种旨在通过提高对信息的理解和回忆来促进决策制定的方法对AYA的直接价值的问题,尽管这种方法可能对看护人有价值。在寻求改善诊断时的信息提供和参与治疗相关决策的过程中,应注意不要剥夺许多AYA对​​可信赖临床医生的指导方法的偏爱。结论我们的研究突出了AYA面临有关一线治疗决策的挑战性背景,并揭示了他们的应对方式如何使其难以确保他们的决策获得充分的信息。它提出了一种旨在通过提高对信息的理解和回忆来促进决策制定的方法对AYA的直接价值的问题,尽管这种方法可能对看护人有价值。在寻求改善诊断时的信息提供和参与治疗相关决策的过程中,应注意不要剥夺许多AYA对​​可信赖临床医生的指导方法的偏爱。结论我们的研究突出了AYA面临有关一线治疗决策的挑战性背景,并揭示了他们的应对方式如何使其难以确保他们的决策获得充分的信息。它提出了一种旨在通过提高对信息的理解和回忆来促进决策制定的方法对AYA的直接价值的问题,尽管这种方法可能对看护人有价值。在寻求改善诊断时的信息提供和参与治疗相关决策的过程中,应注意不要剥夺许多AYA对​​可信赖临床医生的指导方法的偏爱。旨在通过增进对信息的理解和回忆来促进决策的方法,尽管这种方法可能对护理人员有价值。在寻求改善诊断时的信息提供和参与治疗相关决策的过程中,应注意不要剥夺许多AYA对​​可信赖临床医生的指导方法的偏爱。旨在通过增进对信息的理解和回忆来促进决策的方法,尽管这种方法可能对护理人员有价值。在寻求改善诊断时的信息提供和参与治疗相关决策的过程中,应注意不要剥夺许多AYA对​​可信赖临床医生的指导方法的偏爱。
更新日期:2020-01-08
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