Extreme hydrological events cause stress in a soil environment, which directly affects the activity of the soil microbiome. The objective of this research is to determine the functional and structural biodiversity changes of soil bacteria in three different fluvisols from river floodplains under the condition of simulated floods. The nine soil sods (three for each fluvisol), with living vegetation, were collected in August 2018, and fitted into a separate transparent, polypropylene container. At the same time, water was taken from the Vistula River. The sods were flooded with water from the river to a level of 5 cm above the soil. The mesocosm experiment was conducted over 14 days under controlled conditions. During the experiment, the pH values, dehydrogenase activity, metabolic potential on EcoPlate™ and structure of the soil bacterial community by next generation sequencing (NGS) were analysed. The results obtained show that simulated flooding affects soil pH, dehydrogenase activity as well as metabolic potential and structural diversity of soil bacteria communities. The proportions of individual bacteria change, and new species appear in the soil, both those introduced by the water and woken up from inactive forms, while some groups of microorganisms die out. It can be unequivocally stated that extreme conditions caused by simulated flooding have a significant impact on soil microorganisms.

极端的水文事件会在土壤环境中造成压力，直接影响土壤微生物组的活动。这项研究的目的是确定模拟洪水条件下河漫滩中三种不同氟维酚中土壤细菌的功能和结构多样性变化。于2018年8月收集了9种土壤草皮（每个氟维索尔3种草皮），其中有活植物，并装入一个单独的透明聚丙烯容器中。同时，从维斯杜拉河取水。河流中的水淹没了草皮，使其高出土壤5厘米。介观实验在受控条件下进行了14天。在实验过程中，pH值，脱氢酶活性，通过下一代测序（NGS）分析了EcoPlate™上的代谢潜力和土壤细菌群落的结构。所得结果表明，模拟洪水影响土壤pH，脱氢酶活性以及土壤细菌群落的代谢潜力和结构多样性。个别细菌的比例发生变化，新的物种出现在土壤中，既是由水引入的，又是从非活性形式唤醒的，而有些微生物则死亡。可以明确地说，模拟洪水造成的极端条件对土壤微生物具有重大影响。脱氢酶活性以及土壤细菌群落的代谢潜力和结构多样性。个别细菌的比例发生变化，新的物种出现在土壤中，既是由水引入的，又是从非活性形式唤醒的，而有些微生物则死亡。可以明确地说，模拟洪水造成的极端条件对土壤微生物具有重大影响。脱氢酶活性以及土壤细菌群落的代谢潜力和结构多样性。个别细菌的比例发生变化，新的物种出现在土壤中，既是由水引入的，又是从非活性形式唤醒的，而有些微生物则死亡。可以明确地说，模拟洪水造成的极端条件对土壤微生物具有重大影响。