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Underwater high frequency noise: Biological responses in sea urchin Arbacia lixula (Linnaeus, 1758).
Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology A: Molecular & Integrative Physiology ( IF 2.1 ) Pub Date : 2020-01-08 , DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2020.110650 Mirella Vazzana 1 , Manuela Mauro 1 , Maria Ceraulo 2 , Maria Dioguardi 1 , Elena Papale 3 , Salvatore Mazzola 2 , Vincenzo Arizza 1 , Francesco Beltrame 4 , Luigi Inguglia 1 , Giuseppa Buscaino 2
Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology A: Molecular & Integrative Physiology ( IF 2.1 ) Pub Date : 2020-01-08 , DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2020.110650 Mirella Vazzana 1 , Manuela Mauro 1 , Maria Ceraulo 2 , Maria Dioguardi 1 , Elena Papale 3 , Salvatore Mazzola 2 , Vincenzo Arizza 1 , Francesco Beltrame 4 , Luigi Inguglia 1 , Giuseppa Buscaino 2
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Marine life is extremely sensitive to the effects of environmental noise due to its reliance on underwater sounds for basic life functions, such as searching for food and mating. However, the effects on invertebrate species are not yet fully understood. The aim of this study was to determine the biochemical responses of Arbacia lixula exposed to high-frequency noise. Protein concentration, enzyme activity (esterase, phosphatase and peroxidase) and cytotoxicity in coelomic fluid were compared in individuals exposed for three hours to consecutive linear sweeps of 100 to 200 kHz lasting 1 s, and control specimens. Sound pressure levels ranged between 145 and 160 dB re 1μPa. Coelomic fluid was extracted and the gene and protein expression of HSP70 with RT-PCR was evaluated on coelomocytes. A significant change was found in enzyme activity and in the expression of the HSP70 gene and protein compared to the control. These results suggested that high-frequency stimuli elicit a noise-induced physiological stress response in A. lixula, confirming the vulnerability of this species to acoustic exposure. Furthermore, these findings provide the first evidence that cell-free coelomic fluid can be used as a signal to evaluate noise exposure in marine invertebrates.
中文翻译：
水下高频噪声：海胆螺旋藻（Linnaeus，1758）中的生物反应。
海洋生物对环境噪声的影响极为敏感，因为它依赖水下声音来实现基本的生命功能，例如寻找食物和交配。但是，对无脊椎动物物种的影响尚未完全了解。这项研究的目的是确定暴露于高频噪声下的螺旋藻的生化反应。比较暴露于连续3 s持续1 s的连续100到200 kHz线性扫描3小时的个体和对照组样本中结肠腔积液中的蛋白质浓度，酶活性（酯酶，磷酸酶和过氧化物酶）和细胞毒性。声压级介于145和160 dB之间，重1μPa。提取腔积液，并通过RT-PCR对HSP70的基因和蛋白质表达进行评估。与对照相比，发现酶活性以及HSP70基因和蛋白质的表达发生了显着变化。这些结果表明，高频刺激在螺旋藻中引起噪声诱导的生理应激反应，证实了该物种对声暴露的脆弱性。此外，这些发现提供了第一个证据，即无细胞腔积液可用作评估海洋无脊椎动物噪声暴露的信号。
更新日期：2020-01-08
中文翻译：
水下高频噪声：海胆螺旋藻（Linnaeus，1758）中的生物反应。
海洋生物对环境噪声的影响极为敏感，因为它依赖水下声音来实现基本的生命功能，例如寻找食物和交配。但是，对无脊椎动物物种的影响尚未完全了解。这项研究的目的是确定暴露于高频噪声下的螺旋藻的生化反应。比较暴露于连续3 s持续1 s的连续100到200 kHz线性扫描3小时的个体和对照组样本中结肠腔积液中的蛋白质浓度，酶活性（酯酶，磷酸酶和过氧化物酶）和细胞毒性。声压级介于145和160 dB之间，重1μPa。提取腔积液，并通过RT-PCR对HSP70的基因和蛋白质表达进行评估。与对照相比，发现酶活性以及HSP70基因和蛋白质的表达发生了显着变化。这些结果表明，高频刺激在螺旋藻中引起噪声诱导的生理应激反应，证实了该物种对声暴露的脆弱性。此外，这些发现提供了第一个证据，即无细胞腔积液可用作评估海洋无脊椎动物噪声暴露的信号。
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