Piezoelectric energy harvesting is an efficient technique among energy scavenging methods employed in asphalt pavements. Several designs are reported in the literature; however, what is less discussed is how to design the harvester. In this paper, a fixed volume of piezoelectric material is considered, and various design parameters are discussed in order to achieve an improved design. The main objective is to enhance the harvester performance, considering electrical and mechanical aspects, simultaneously. The output power, the level of induced stress on the piezoelectric material, the endurance limit, and the coupling effect of the device with the pavement are considered. As a case study, the finite element model of a piezoelectric harvester is developed and validated with the experimental results. A parametric study is then carried out in order to improve both the electrical and mechanical characteristics of the device. Various parameters, such as piezoelectric disks cross-section, piezoelectric material, as well as the disks aspect ratio are considered. The proposed structures are compared with similar ones reported in the literature and show higher output powers of 3 − 5.8 times. A case study is presented to show the signal conditioning process of the harvested power for practical applications. Improvements in various aspects of the device performance, while considering the economic aspects, i.e., the amount of consumed piezoelectric material, show the effectiveness of the proposed method.

中文翻译：

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考虑电气和机械性能的巷道压电能量采集器设计

在沥青路面采用的能量清除方法中，压电能量收集是一种有效的技术。文献中报道了几种设计；然而，较少讨论的是如何设计收割机。在本文中，考虑了固定体积的压电材料，并讨论了各种设计参数以实现改进的设计。主要目标是提高收割机的性能，同时考虑电气和机械方面。考虑了输出功率、压电材料上的感应应力水平、耐久性极限以及设备与路面的耦合效应。作为案例研究，开发了压电采集器的有限元模型并通过实验结果进行了验证。然后进行参数研究以改善设备的电气和机械特性。考虑了各种参数，例如压电盘横截面、压电材料以及盘纵横比。所提出的结构与文献中报道的类似结构进行了比较，并显示出 3 - 5.8 倍的更高输出功率。提供了一个案例研究，以展示实际应用中收集到的功率的信号调节过程。设备性能的各个方面的改进，同时考虑经济方面，即消耗的压电材料的量，显示了所提出方法的有效性。考虑了压电材料以及圆盘纵横比。所提出的结构与文献中报道的类似结构进行了比较，并显示出 3 - 5.8 倍的更高输出功率。提供了一个案例研究，以展示实际应用中收集到的功率的信号调节过程。设备性能的各个方面的改进，同时考虑经济方面，即消耗的压电材料的量，显示了所提出方法的有效性。考虑了压电材料以及圆盘纵横比。所提出的结构与文献中报道的类似结构进行了比较，并显示出 3 - 5.8 倍的更高输出功率。提供了一个案例研究，以展示实际应用中收集到的功率的信号调节过程。设备性能的各个方面的改进，同时考虑经济方面，即消耗的压电材料的量，显示了所提出方法的有效性。