Borna disease virus 1 (BoDV-1), the first bornavirus to be discovered, was identified as a causative agent of Borna disease, a fatal encephalitis occurring in horses and sheep. BoDV-1 is highly neurotropic and can cause both fatal immune-mediated encephalitis and behavioural disturbances in a broad range of infected animals. These observations prompted researchers to investigate the presence of BoDV-1 in patients with psychiatric disorders on the basis of the hypothesis that BoDV-1 might also cause behavioural abnormalities in humans. However, the results were controversial and were rarely reproducible. Because of suspicions about the diagnostic tests and the high sequence homology between human isolates and laboratory strains, human bornavirus research had halted by 2010. The situation changed in 2015, however, when variegated squirrel bornavirus 1, a close relative of BoDV-1, was discovered in fatal encephalitis cases in humans. This finding resumed human bornavirus research on the basis of the hypothesis that the virus might be found in patients with severe encephalitis of unclear origin. ^, 

中文翻译：

---

从原因不明的脑炎病例中重新启动人类鼻病毒的研究。

Borna疾病病毒1（BoDV-1）是第一个被发现的Bora病毒，被确定为Borna病的病原体，Borna病是在马和绵羊中发生的致命性脑炎。BoDV-1具有高度的神经营养性，可在多种受感染的动物中引起致命的免疫介导的脑炎和行为障碍。这些发现促使研究人员根据BoDV-1也可能导致人类行为异常的假说来调查精神疾病患者中BoDV-1的存在。但是，结果颇有争议，而且几乎不可重复。由于对诊断测试的怀疑以及人类分离株和实验室菌株之间的高序列同源性，到2010年人类鼻病毒的研究已经停止。但是，这种情况在2015年发生了变化，当在人的致命性脑炎病例中发现杂色松鼠博纳病毒1时，它是BoDV-1的近亲。这一发现是基于这样的假设而恢复的，该假设是在起源不明的重度脑炎患者中可能发现该病毒的假设基础上的。^，