The ability to cope with distracting information is a major requirement for goal-directed behavior. It is particularly challenged when distracting information is either potentially relevant or temporally close to goal-direct responses, resulting in so-called distractor-response bindings. According to the theory of event coding (TEC), distractor-response bindings should be reflected by processes in the event file, but not in object file (which stores stimulus features) or the action file (which stores response features). But even though the predictions of this theory are quite elaborated, their electrophysiological underpinnings and the associated functional neuroanatomical structures have remained largely elusive. To examine this, we used a distractor-response binding paradigm in combination with temporal EEG signal decomposition (RIDE) and source localization techniques. We showed that distractor-response binding effects are exclusively evident in the N450 time window of the central C-cluster. Source reconstructions revealed that distractor response binding effects were associated with brain regions involved in updating internal representations by using task-relevant information to decide on response execution (temporo-parietal junction, BA40), alongside with brain regions involved in conflict resolution processes (right middle frontal gyrus, BA8). Our results suggest that RIDE can be used to dissociate binding processes from stimulus- and response-related processes. On top of this, the results of EEG decomposition match the key assumption of the TEC, that distractor-response bindings occur in event files, but not in object or action files. The results show how cognitive-theoretical frameworks, such as TEC, can directly be mapped onto the underlying neurophysiological processes using EEG signal decomposition.

中文翻译：

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使用时间 EEG 信号分解来识别事件编码理论提出的干扰反应绑定的特定神经生理学相关性

处理分散注意力的信息的能力是目标导向行为的主要要求。当分散注意力的信息可能与目标直接反应相关或在时间上接近目标直接反应时，它尤其受到挑战，从而导致所谓的干扰反应绑定。根据事件编码 (TEC) 理论，干扰-响应绑定应该由事件文件中的进程反映，而不是在目标文件（存储刺激特征）或动作文件（存储响应特征）中。但是，尽管该理论的预测相当详尽，但它们的电生理基础和相关的功能性神经解剖结构在很大程度上仍然难以捉摸。为了检验这一点，我们将干扰物反应绑定范式与时间 EEG 信号分解 (RIDE) 和源定位技术相结合。我们表明，在中央 C 簇的 N450 时间窗口中，干扰物反应结合效应是唯一明显的。源重建显示，通过使用任务相关信息来决定响应执行（颞顶叶交界处，BA40），干扰物响应结合效应与参与更新内部表征的大脑区域相关，以及参与冲突解决过程的大脑区域（右中）额回，BA8）。我们的结果表明 RIDE 可用于将结合过程与刺激和响应相关过程分离。最重要的是，EEG 分解的结果与 TEC 的关键假设相匹配，干扰响应绑定发生在事件文件中，但不在对象或动作文件中。结果显示了如何使用 EEG 信号分解将认知理论框架（例如 TEC）直接映射到潜在的神经生理过程。