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Association of urinary metabolites of organophosphate and pyrethroid insecticides, and phenoxy herbicides with endometriosis.
Environment International ( IF 10.3 ) Pub Date : 2020-01-07 , DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2019.105456
Adela Jing Li 1 , Zhen Chen 2 , Tzu-Chun Lin 3 , Germaine M Buck Louis 4 , Kurunthachalam Kannan 5
Affiliation  

Endometriosis is a hormone-responsive gynecologic disease, signifying its connotations across a woman's life span. Previous studies suggested that endocrine disrupting chemicals were risk factors for endometriosis. Nevertheless, little is known on exposure to organophosphate, pyrethroid and phenoxy acid pesticides on endometriosis diagnosis. In this study, we determined the concentrations of 11 pesticides, metabolites of organophosphate and pyrethroid insecticides, and phenoxy herbicides, in urine collected from 619 reproductive-age women in Utah and California, using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. The association of urinary concentrations of pesticides with an increase in the odds of endometriosis diagnosis was examined in 594 women who underwent laparoscopy/laparotomy (operative cohort: n = 471) or pelvic magnetic resonance imaging (population cohort: n = 123), during 2007-2009. 2-Isopropyl-4-methyl-6-hydroxypyrimidine (IMPY), malathion dicarboxylic acid (MDA), para-nitrophenol (PNP), 3,5,6-trichloro-2-pyridinol (TCPY), 3-phenoxybenzoic acid (3-PBA), and 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) were detected in ≥95% of the urine samples analyzed. Urinary concentrations of IMPY, MDA, PNP, 3-PBA and 2,4-D tended to be higher in younger, non-Hispanic black, nulliparous and less affluent women. IMPY was the most dominant compound in urine followed by PNP and TCPY. When women in the 4th quartile of IMPY and the 2nd quartile of TCPY concentrations (μg/g creatinine) were compared with women in the 1st quartile, the odds ratios (ORs) for diagnosis of endometriosis increased significantly in unadjusted models (IMPY OR = 1.89, 95% confidence interval (Cl) = 1.12-3.20; TCPY OR = 1.65, 95% Cl = 1.02-2.69) for the operative (n = 471) and entire data set (n = 594), respectively. Our results suggest that exposure to elevated concentrations of diazinon (the parent compound of IMPY) and chlorpyrifos and chlorpyrifos-methyl (parent compounds of TCPY) may be associated with endometriosis.

中文翻译:

有机磷酸和拟除虫菊酯类杀虫剂以及苯氧基除草剂的尿代谢产物与子宫内膜异位症的关系。

子宫内膜异位症是一种激素反应型妇科疾病,表明其在女性一生中的涵义。先前的研究表明,破坏内分泌的化学物质是子宫内膜异位症的危险因素。然而,对于子宫内膜异位症的诊断,接触有机磷酸盐,拟除虫菊酯和苯氧酸农药的知之甚少。在这项研究中,我们使用液相色谱-串联质谱法测定了从犹他州和加利福尼亚州的619名育龄妇女中收集的尿液中11种农药,有机磷酸盐和拟除虫菊酯类杀虫剂以及苯氧基除草剂的浓度。在594例接受腹腔镜/开腹手术的女性中检查了尿液中农药浓度与子宫内膜异位症诊断几率的相关性(手术队列:n = 471)或骨盆磁共振成像(人口队列:n = 123),时间:2007-2009年。2-异丙基-4-甲基-6-羟基嘧啶(IMPY),马拉硫磷二羧酸(MDA),对硝基苯酚(PNP),3,5,6-三氯-2-吡啶醇(TCPY),3-苯氧基苯甲酸(3 -PBA)和2,4-二氯苯氧基乙酸(2,4-D)被检测出的≥95%尿液样本中。年轻的非西班牙裔黑人,未产妇和较富裕的女性中IMPY,MDA,PNP,3-PBA和2,4-D的尿液浓度往往较高。IMPY是尿液中最主要的化合物,其次是PNP和TCPY。当将IMPY第4四分位数和TCPY浓度第2四分位数(μg/ g肌酐)的女性与第1四分位数的女性进行比较时,未经调整的模型中诊断子宫内膜异位的比值比(OR)显着增加(IMPY OR = 1.89) ,95%置信区间(Cl)= 1.12-3.20; 手术数据(n = 471)和整个数据集(n = 594)的TCPY OR = 1.65,95%Cl = 1.02-2.69)。我们的结果表明,暴露于浓度较高的二嗪农(IMPY的母体化合物)和毒死rif和甲基毒死-(TCPY的母体化合物)可能与子宫内膜异位症有关。
更新日期:2020-01-08
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