We report the synthesis and characterization of novel activated carbon derived from waste eucalyptus bark through chemical and physical activation processes to use as a potential electrode for symmetric electrical double layer capacitors (EDLCs). A porous polymer film prepared by a simple phase-inversion method and activated by an ionic liquid electrolyte has been used as a flexible, high ion-conducting, mechanically and electrochemically stable electrolyte for EDLCs. The use of waste eucalyptus bark to produce activated carbon (AC) with a straightforward activation process, and a simple phase-inversion method to produce porous polymer electrolytes (PPEs), make possible the preparation of eco-friendly, safe, and flexible EDLCs. The derived AC powder possesses a hierarchical porous interior having micro- and meso-porosity. An EDLC, constructed using the optimized AC, shows a high specific capacitance of ∼155 F g⁻¹ and offers a better rate capability than commercial AC-based devices. EIS studies reveal superior charge-transfer characteristics of optimized AC electrodes, as compared to the commercial AC. Galvanostatic charge–discharge measurements highlight the high specific energy and maximum power (∼32.8 W h kg⁻¹ and ∼57 kW kg⁻¹, respectively) of the optimized AC based EDLC. This device maintains its performance for at least 10 000 charge–discharge cycles with high (96%) capacitance retention.

中文翻译：

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桉树皮衍生的多层多孔碳，作为高性能固态超级电容器的可持续电极

我们报告了通过化学和物理活化过程从废桉树皮中衍生的新型活性炭的合成和表征，以用作对称双电层电容器（EDLC）的电位电极。通过简单的相转化方法制备并通过离子液体电解质活化的多孔聚合物膜已经用作用于EDLC的柔性，高离子传导性，机械和电化学稳定的电解质。使用废桉树皮以简单的活化过程生产活性炭（AC），以及使用简单的相转化方法生产多孔聚合物电解质（PPE）的方法，使得制备环保，安全和灵活的EDLC成为可能。衍生的AC粉末具有具有微孔和中孔的分级多孔内部。EDLC，^-1，并且比商用基于AC的设备提供更好的速率能力。EIS研究表明，与商用AC相比，优化AC电极具有优异的电荷转移特性。恒电流充放电测量结果表明，优化的基于AC的EDLC具有较高的比能和最大功率（分别约为32.8 W h kg ^-1和〜57 kW kg ^-1）。该器件可在至少10000次充放电循环中保持其性能，并具有很高的电容保持率（96％）。