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Evidence for phylogenetically and catabolically diverse active diazotrophs in deep-sea sediment.
The ISME Journal ( IF 10.8 ) Pub Date : 2020-01-06 , DOI: 10.1038/s41396-019-0584-8
Bennett J Kapili 1 , Samuel E Barnett 2 , Daniel H Buckley 2 , Anne E Dekas 1
Affiliation  

Diazotrophic microorganisms regulate marine productivity by alleviating nitrogen limitation. However, we know little about the identity and activity of diazotrophs in deep-sea sediments, a habitat covering nearly two-thirds of the planet. Here, we identify candidate diazotrophs from Pacific Ocean sediments collected at 2893 m water depth using 15N-DNA stable isotope probing and a novel pipeline for nifH sequence analysis. Together, these approaches detect an unexpectedly diverse assemblage of active diazotrophs, including members of the Acidobacteria, Firmicutes, Nitrospirae, Gammaproteobacteria, and Deltaproteobacteria. Deltaproteobacteria, predominately members of the Desulfobacterales and Desulfuromonadales, are the most abundant diazotrophs detected, and display the most microdiversity of associated nifH sequences. Some of the detected lineages, including those within the Acidobacteria, have not previously been shown to fix nitrogen. The diazotrophs appear catabolically diverse, with the potential for using oxygen, nitrogen, iron, sulfur, and carbon as terminal electron acceptors. Therefore, benthic diazotrophy may persist throughout a range of geochemical conditions and provide a stable source of fixed nitrogen over geologic timescales. Our results suggest that nitrogen-fixing communities in deep-sea sediments are phylogenetically and catabolically diverse, and open a new line of inquiry into the ecology and biogeochemical impacts of deep-sea microorganisms.

中文翻译:

深海沉积物中系统发生和分解代谢的各种活性重氮营养菌的证据。

重氮营养微生物通过减轻氮限制来调节海洋生产力。但是,我们对深海沉积物中重氮营养菌的身份和活性了解甚少,深海沉积物覆盖了地球近三分之二的栖息地。在这里,我们使用15N-DNA稳定同位素探测技术和一条用于nifH序列分析的新型管线,从2893 m水深处收集的太平洋沉积物中识别出候选重氮菌。总之,这些方法可检测出活性重氮营养菌的异常多样性集合,包括酸性细菌,菌毛,硝化螺旋菌,γ-变形细菌和δ-变形细菌的成员。Deltaproteobacteria,主要是Desulfobacterales和Desulfuromonadales的成员,是检测到的最丰富的重氮营养菌,并显示出与nifH序列相关的微生物的最大多样性。以前尚未显示出某些检测到的谱系,包括酸性细菌内的谱系能够固氮。重氮营养菌在分解代谢方面表现出多样性,具有使用氧,氮,铁,硫和碳作为末端电子受体的潜力。因此,底栖重氮可能在整个地球化学条件下持续存在,并在地质时标上提供稳定的固定氮源。我们的研究结果表明,深海沉积物中的固氮群落在系统发育和分解代谢上是多种多样的,并为探讨深海微生物的生态和生物地球化学影响开辟了一条新的途径。碳作为末端电子受体。因此,底栖重氮可能在整个地球化学条件下持续存在,并在地质时标上提供稳定的固定氮源。我们的研究结果表明,深海沉积物中的固氮群落在系统发育和分解代谢上是多种多样的,并为探讨深海微生物的生态和生物地球化学影响开辟了一条新的途径。碳作为末端电子受体。因此,底栖重氮可能在整个地球化学条件下持续存在,并在地质时标上提供稳定的固定氮源。我们的研究结果表明,深海沉积物中的固氮群落在系统发育和分解代谢上是多种多样的,并为探讨深海微生物的生态和生物地球化学影响开辟了一条新的途径。
更新日期:2020-01-17
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