Background

Xyloglucan (XyG) is a ubiquitous polysaccharide that possesses hypoglycemic effects, antihyperlipidemia effects, gut barrier protective properties, and positive effects on coronary heart disease. As a nonstarch polysaccharide, XyG cannot be processed directly by enzymes encoded on the human genome. After being ingested, XyG transits the large intestine where it becomes food for the intestinal microbial community. The species within the intestinal microbiota use various strategies to recognize and degrade XyG. However, most current studies focus on the industrial application of XyG. We must examine the beneficial effects of XyG on human health and the roles that the gut microbiota play in XyG degradation.

Scope and approach

The current review summarizes the relationship between XyG and intestinal microbiota, including the degradation process of XyG by gut Bacteroidetes and the influence of XyG on the intestinal microbiota. In addition, the possible effects of XyG or its microbial degradation products on human health are presented.

Key findings and conclusions

XyG breakdown in the large intestine is mediated by several proteins encoded on XyG utilization loci. Surface glycan-binding proteins and glycan-degrading enzymes encoded on XyG utilization loci are the main components that utilize XyGs in the large intestine. Secondary metabolites and fermentation end products that are generated in XyG degradation by gut microbiota can improve human health. The beneficial effects of XyG on human health may be realized through its microbial degradation.

中文翻译：

---

木葡聚糖被肠道菌群降解可能产生的有益作用

背景

木葡聚糖（XyG）是一种普遍存在的多糖，具有降血糖作用，抗高脂血症作用，肠屏障保护特性以及对冠心病的积极作用。作为非淀粉多糖，XyG不能直接由人类基因组上编码的酶处理。摄入后，XyG穿过大肠，成为肠道微生物群落的食物。肠道菌群内的物种使用各种策略来识别和降解XyG。但是，当前大多数研究都集中在XyG的工业应用上。我们必须检查XyG对人体健康的有益影响以及肠道菌群在XyG降解中的作用。

范围和方法

目前的综述总结了XyG与肠道菌群之间的关系，包括肠道拟杆菌对XyG的降解过程以及XyG对肠道菌群的影响。此外，还介绍了XyG或其微生物降解产物对人体健康的可能影响。

主要发现和结论

大肠中的XyG分解是由XyG利用位点上编码的几种蛋白质介导的。XyG利用位点上编码的表面聚糖结合蛋白和聚糖降解酶是在大肠中利用XyG的主要成分。XyG肠道微生物群降解产生的次级代谢产物和发酵终产物可以改善人类健康。XyG对人体健康的有益作用可以通过其微生物降解来实现。