当前位置: X-MOL 学术Environ. Toxicol. Chem. › 论文详情
Our official English website, www.x-mol.net, welcomes your feedback! (Note: you will need to create a separate account there.)
Short-Term Guideline Values for Chlorine in Marine Waters.
Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry ( IF 3.6 ) Pub Date : 2020-02-29 , DOI: 10.1002/etc.4661
Graeme E Batley 1 , Stuart L Simpson 1
Affiliation  

Chlorination is commonly used to control biofouling organisms, but chlorine rapidly hydrolyzes in seawater to hypochlorite, which undergoes further reaction with bromide, and then with organic matter. These reaction products, collectively termed chlorine-produced oxidants (CPOs), can be toxic to marine biota. Because the lifetime of the most toxic forms is limited to several days, appropriate guideline values need to be based on short-term (acute) toxicity tests, rather than chronic tests. Flow-through toxicity tests that provide continuous CPO exposure are the most appropriate, whereas static-renewal tests generate variable exposure and effects depending on the renewal rate. There are literature data for acute CPO toxicity from flow-through tests, together with values from 2 sensitive 15-min static tests on 30 species from 9 taxonomic groups. These values were used in a species sensitivity distribution (SSD) to derive guideline values that were protective of 99, 95, and 90% of species at 2.2, 7.2, and 13 µg CPO/L respectively. These are the first marine guideline values for chlorine to be derived using SSDs, with all other international guideline values based on the use of assessment factors applied to data for the most sensitive species. In applying these conservative guideline values in field situations, it would need to be demonstrated that concentrations of CPOs would be reduced to below the guideline value within an acceptable mixing zone through both dilution and dissociation. Environ Toxicol Chem 2020;00:1-11. © 2020 SETAC.

中文翻译:

海水中氯的短期准则值。

氯化通常用于控制生物污染生物,但是氯在海水中迅速水解为次氯酸盐,次氯酸盐与溴化物然后与有机物进一步反应。这些反应产物统称为产生氯的氧化剂(CPO),对海洋生物可能有毒。由于最具毒性的形式的寿命仅限于几天,因此适当的指导值需要基于短期(急性)毒性试验,而非慢性试验。提供连续CPO暴露的流通式毒性测试是最合适的,而静态更新测试根据更新速率产生可变的暴露和影响。有文献数据来自于流通测试的急性CPO毒性,以及来自9个分类组的30种物种的2次敏感的15分钟静态测试的值。这些值用于物种敏感度分布(SSD),以得出分别在2.2、7.2和13 µg CPO / L时可保护99%,95%和90%物种的准则值。这些是使用固态硬盘得出的第一个海洋氯指导值,所有其他国际指导值均基于对最敏感物种数据的评估因子的使用。在野外应用这些保守的指导值时,需要证明通过稀释和分解,CPOs的浓度会在可接受的混合区域内降低到指导值以下。环境毒性化学2020; 00:1-11。©2020 SETAC。和13 µg CPO / L。这些是使用固态硬盘得出的第一个海洋氯指导值,所有其他国际指导值均基于对最敏感物种数据的评估因子的使用。在野外应用这些保守的指导值时,需要证明通过稀释和解离,CPO的浓度会在可接受的混合区内降低到指导值以下。环境毒性化学2020; 00:1-11。©2020 SETAC。和13 µg CPO / L。这些是使用固态硬盘得出的第一个海洋氯指导值,所有其他国际指导值均基于对最敏感物种数据的评估因子的使用。在野外应用这些保守的指导值时,需要证明通过稀释和解离,CPO的浓度会在可接受的混合区内降低到指导值以下。环境毒性化学2020; 00:1-11。©2020 SETAC。需要证明的是,通过稀释和离解,可以将CPO的浓度降低到可接受的混合区域内的指导值以下。环境毒性化学2020; 00:1-11。©2020 SETAC。需要证明的是,通过稀释和离解,可以将CPO的浓度降低到可接受的混合区域内的指导值以下。环境毒性化学2020; 00:1-11。©2020 SETAC。
更新日期:2020-02-29
down
wechat
bug