Abstract Interactions between the spatiotemporal distribution of pollutants and the structure of the atmospheric boundary layer were studied using data obtained by GPS (Global Positioning System) sounding balloons in an intensive observation period from December 2018 to January 2019 at the Dezhou experimental station in the North China Plain. Under haze weather conditions, negligible variation or a slight increase in temperature, higher relative humidity (RH) and lower wind speed with uncertain wind direction are common characteristics. The concentration distribution of particulate matter ≤2.5 μm ( PM 2.5 ) has a close relationship with the inversion layer, which contributes to the accumulation of PM 2.5 in the lower atmosphere. The reduction of pollutants suspended in the upper layer during haze periods is closely related to low-level jets and intermittent turbulence. Higher RH values are also favourable for the formation of heavy haze, and the value of PM 2.5 increases with an increase in humidity. During hazy days, the heat fluxes and turbulent kinetic energy (TKE) are much smaller than those during clear days. The values of the average maxima of net radiation, sensible heat flux, and latent heat flux are 154, 76, and 15 W / m 2 , respectively, and the value of TKE is approximately 0.67 m 2 / s 2 . The decrease in atmospheric boundary layer height (ABLH) is caused by weaker turbulent transfer during haze episodes. The ABLH is approximately 400 m during the daytime and 240 m at night. The power function relationship is shown by a negative correlation between the ABLH and surface PM 2.5 concentration in the convective boundary layer.

中文翻译：

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华北平原冬季雾霾期间大气边界层特征及其与PM2.5的关系

摘要 利用GPS（全球定位系统）探测气球在华北德州实验站2018年12月至2019年1月密集观测期间获得的数据，研究了污染物时空分布与大气边界层结构的相互作用。清楚的。在雾霾天气条件下，温度变化可忽略不计或略有增加、相对湿度（RH）较高和风速较低且风向不确定是共同特征。≤2.5 μm（PM 2.5 ）的颗粒物浓度分布与逆温层关系密切，有助于PM 2.5 在低层大气中的积累。雾霾期间悬浮在上层的污染物减少与低空急流和间歇性湍流密切相关。较高的 RH 值也有利于形成重雾霾，PM 2.5 的值随着湿度的增加而增加。在朦胧的日子里，热通量和湍流动能（TKE）比晴天时要小得多。净辐射、感热通量和潜热通量的平均最大值分别为154、76和15 W/m 2 ，TKE值约为0.67 m 2 / s 2 。大气边界层高度 (ABLH) 的降低是由雾霾事件期间较弱的湍流转移引起的。ABLH 白天约为 400 m，夜间约为 240 m。