Maternal deprivation (MD) in rodents is used to simulate human-infant early life stress, which leads to neural, hormonal, and behavioral alterations. Palatable food (PF) can reduce the stress response, and individuals use it as a self-applied stress relief method. Thus, the present study aimed to evaluate the effect of the association between MD in the early life (P1-P10) and PF consumption (condensed milk, P21-P44) in the central neuroplasticity (BDNF/NGF levels) and central neuroinflammatory parameters (TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-10 levels) in male and female Wistar rats in the adolescence. In addition, weight-related parameters (weight gain, Lee Index, and relative adipose tissue weight) were evaluated. PF exposure increased relative adipose tissue weight; however, it did not lead to a change in animals' body weight. MD reduced hypothalamic BDNF and NGF levels, and hippocampal TNF-α levels in male and female rats. Animals of both sexes that received PF, exhibited reduced hypothalamic NGF levels. Neuroinflammatory marker evaluations showed that male rats were more susceptible to the interventions than female rats, since MD reduced their cortical IL-10 levels and PF increased their IL-6 levels. Differences in the Lee index, central BDNF, TNF-α, and IL-6levels were observed between sexes. Male animals per se presented greater Lee index. Female rats had higher BDNF and IL-6 levels in the hippocampus and hypothalamus and higher hypothalamic TNF-α levels than those observed in males. In conclusion, there were more noticeable effects of MD than PF on the variables measured in this study. Sex effect was identified as an important factor and influenced most of the neurochemical measures in this study. In this way, we suggest including both female and male animals in researches to improve the quality of translational studies.

中文翻译：

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母体剥夺和性别改变了青春期暴露于可口食物的大鼠的神经营养蛋白和炎性细胞因子的中枢水平。

啮齿动物的母体剥夺（MD）用于模拟人类婴儿的早期生活压力，这会导致神经，激素和行为改变。美味的食物（PF）可以减少压力反应，因此人们将其用作自我应用的缓解压力的方法。因此，本研究旨在评估早期MD（P1-P10）与PF消耗量（炼乳P21-P44）在中枢神经可塑性（BDNF / NGF水平）和中枢神经炎症参数（雄性和雌性Wistar大鼠在青春期时的TNF-α，IL-6和IL-10水平）。此外，评估了与体重有关的参数（体重增加，李氏指数和相对脂肪组织的重量）。PF暴露增加了相对脂肪组织的重量；但是，它并没有导致动物体重的改变。MD降低了雄性和雌性大鼠的下丘脑BDNF和NGF水平以及海马TNF-α水平。接受PF的两性动物表现出降低的下丘脑NGF水平。神经炎性标志物评估表明，雄性大鼠比雌性大鼠更容易受到干预，因为MD降低了其皮质IL-10水平，而PF升高了其IL-6水平。在性别之间观察到Lee指数，中枢BDNF，TNF-α和IL-6水平的差异。雄性动物本身表现出更大的李氏指数。雌性大鼠海马和下丘脑中的BDNF和IL-6水平较高，下丘脑TNF-α水平高于雄性大鼠。总之，在这项研究中，MD的影响比PF的影响更大。在本研究中，性别效应被认为是一个重要因素，并影响了大多数神经化学措施。这样，我们建议将雌性和雄性动物都包括在研究中，以提高翻译研究的质量。