Microwaves (MW) have great potential for sludge solubilization, and carbon materials can act as good microwave absorbers and heat transfer media because of their high dielectric loss tangent and thermal conductivity. In this study, carbon nanotube-coated MW vessels were developed by preparing a silane-CNT mixture and spray coating. In addition, sludge solubilization by microwave irradiation was performed to evaluate the effects of the CNT-coating at different initial total suspended solid (TSS) concentrations, target temperatures, and MW irradiation times in the uncoated and CNT-coated MW vessels. The sludge solubilization efficiency increased with increasing MW irradiation time and temperature and followed a first-order reaction in both vessels. However, the energy requirement to maintain the temperature was reduced in the CNT-coated MW vessel compared to the uncoated vessel. In addition, the Arrhenius equation revealed the catalytic site in the CNT-coated MW vessel to have a temperature of around 130 °C at an average sludge temperature of 100 °C. The maximum chemical oxygen demand (COD) solubilization and soluble COD (sCOD) increase per MW energy used were 1.64 and 1.67 times higher in the CNT-coated MW vessel than in the uncoated vessel, respectively. The increase in soluble total nitrogen and phosphorus in the CNT-coated MW vessel was attributed to cell wall destruction and intracellular protoplast dissolution, because of the acceleration of the MW thermal effect and high conductivity of CNTs, as well as the MW-induced cell wall and membrane disruption by hot spots on the CNT surface. This suggests that CNTs can be applied to increase the energy efficiency in MW-based pretreatment methods.

中文翻译：

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在碳纳米管（CNT）涂覆的条件下通过微波辐照来溶解高能效的污泥。

微波（MW）具有污泥溶解的巨大潜力，并且碳材料因其高的介电损耗角正切值和热导率而可以充当良好的微波吸收剂和传热介质。在这项研究中，通过制备硅烷-CNT混合物并喷涂，开发了碳纳米管涂层的中空容器。另外，通过微波辐射使污泥溶解，以评估未涂覆和涂覆碳纳米管的容器在不同的初始总悬浮固体（TSS）浓度，目标温度和微波辐照时间下的碳纳米管涂层的效果。污泥的溶解效率随着MW照射时间和温度的增加而增加，并且在两个容器中都遵循一级反应。然而，与未涂覆的容器相比，在涂覆CNT的MW容器中降低维持温度所需的能量。此外，Arrhenius方程显示，在CNT涂覆的MW容器中，平均污泥温度为100°C时，催化部位的温度约为130°C。碳纳米管涂覆的MW容器中最大的化学需氧量（COD）溶解度和每使用的MW能量的可溶性化学需氧量（sCOD）增加分别比未涂覆的容器高1.64倍和1.67倍。碳纳米管覆盖的MW容器中可溶性总氮和磷的增加归因于细胞壁的破坏和细胞内原生质体的溶解，这是由于碳纳米管的碳纳米管的热效应的加速和高电导率的增加，以及微波诱导的细胞壁的降解并因CNT表面上的热点而破坏膜。