Photorespiratory metabolism is essential for plants to maintain functional photosynthesis in an oxygen-containing environment. Because the oxygenation reaction of Rubisco is followed by the loss of previously fixed carbon, photorespiration is often considered a wasteful process and considerable efforts are aimed at minimizing the negative impact of photorespiration on the plant's carbon uptake. However, the photorespiratory pathway has also many positive aspects, as it is well integrated within other metabolic processes, such as nitrogen assimilation and C1 metabolism, and it is important for maintaining the redox balance of the plant. The overall effect of photorespiratory carbon loss on the net CO2 fixation of the plant is also strongly influenced by the physiology of the leaf related to CO2 diffusion. This review outlines the distinction between Rubisco oxygenation and photorespiratory CO2 release as a basis to evaluate the costs and benefits of photorespiration.

中文翻译：

---

Rubisco生物化学，CO2扩散和代谢过程中的光呼吸作用。

光呼吸代谢对于植物在含氧环境中维持功能性光合作用至关重要。由于Rubisco的氧化反应后会丢失先前固定的碳，因此光呼吸通常被认为是浪费的过程，因此需要进行大量努力以最大程度地减少光呼吸对植物碳吸收的负面影响。但是，光呼吸途径也有许多积极的方面，因为它与其他代谢过程（例如氮同化和C1代谢）很好地整合在一起，对于维持植物的氧化还原平衡很重要。光呼吸碳损失对植物净CO2固定的总体影响还受到与CO2扩散相关的叶片生理的强烈影响。