Abstract Mechanical energy with low frequency is a widely distributed energy in environment. Triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) and electromagnetic energy harvester (EMG) are considered as promising methods to harvest low-frequency mechanical energy. In this study, a three-dimensional (3D) full-space triboelectric-electromagnetic hybrid nanogenerator (FSHG) based on a magnetic ball and Polystyrene (PS) spherical shells is presented. The external excitation can be transformed into the relative motion between different units. The mover composed of the PS spherical shell 3 and a magnet ball transforms 3D full-space mechanical energy into electrical energy through friction electrification and electromagnetic induction effect. The results of experiments show that the performance of TENG and EMGs can be influenced by the direction of external vibration and excitation frequency. The output performances of TENG and EMGs increase as the excitation frequency increases. The results show that the maximum output power of TENG is 18 μW at an external loading resistance of 200 MΩ, and the maximum output power of EMG is 640 μW at an external loading resistance of 1000 Ω. The FSHG demonstrates a quick charging ability for capacitor and the capability to power hundreds of LEDs. After storing energy in the capacitor, the DC signal can power a humidity/temperature sensor.

中文翻译：

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用于振动系统中高效机械能收集的 3D 全空间摩擦电-电磁混合纳米发电机

摘要 低频机械能是环境中分布广泛的能量。摩擦纳米发电机（TENG）和电磁能量收集器（EMG）被认为是收集低频机械能的有前途的方法。在这项研究中，提出了一种基于磁球和聚苯乙烯 (PS) 球壳的三维 (3D) 全空间摩擦电-电磁混合纳米发电机 (FSHG)。外部激励可以转化为不同单元之间的相对运动。由PS球壳3和磁球组成的动子通过摩擦起电和电磁感应效应将3D全空间机械能转化为电能。实验结果表明，TENG 和 EMG 的性能会受到外部振动方向和激励频率的影响。TENG 和 EMG 的输出性能随着激励频率的增加而增加。结果表明，TENG在外部负载电阻为200 MΩ时的最大输出功率为18 μW，EMG在外部负载电阻为1000 Ω时的最大输出功率为640 μW。FSHG 展示了电容器的快速充电能力以及为数百个 LED 供电的能力。在电容器中储存能量后，直流信号可为湿度/温度传感器供电。结果表明，TENG在外部负载电阻为200 MΩ时的最大输出功率为18 μW，EMG在外部负载电阻为1000 Ω时的最大输出功率为640 μW。FSHG 展示了电容器的快速充电能力以及为数百个 LED 供电的能力。在电容器中储存能量后，直流信号可为湿度/温度传感器供电。结果表明，TENG在外部负载电阻为200 MΩ时的最大输出功率为18 μW，EMG在外部负载电阻为1000 Ω时的最大输出功率为640 μW。FSHG 展示了电容器的快速充电能力以及为数百个 LED 供电的能力。在电容器中储存能量后，直流信号可为湿度/温度传感器供电。