Further enhancing activity and durability of Pt-based catalysts for oxygen reduction is needed for the automotive application of fuel cells. This is however a very challenging task. Herein, we describe a new method to nail down low-oxidation-state NbO_x nanoparticles at high temperature without overgrowth using the surface pores on carbon and then deposit Pt head selectively on top of NbO_x derived by the redox reduction between themselves. This new structured catalyst, Pt-NbO_xC, exhibited mass activities higher than 0.5 A mg^-1 after 50,000 cycles between 0.6-1.0 V and 5,000 cycles between 1-1.5 V, which are 7 and 4 times of the 0.07 and 0.13 A mg^-1, respectively, on Pt/C. That high sustainable ORR activity is ascribed to strong metal-support interaction that maximizes Pt utilization and minimizes particle agglomeration, carbon corrosion and metal oxidation. Furthermore, the method embedded nanoparticles into carbon pores will likely be used in developing small particles with uniform dispersion for various applications.

在燃料电池的汽车应用中，需要进一步提高用于氧还原的Pt基催化剂的活性和耐久性。但是，这是一项非常具有挑战性的任务。在这里，我们描述了一种新的方法，该方法使用碳上的表面孔在高温下钉扎低氧化态的NbO _x纳米颗粒而不会过度生长，然后选择性地将Pt头沉积在它们之间通过氧化还原而产生的NbO _x上。这种新型结构化催化剂Pt-NbO _x C在0.6-1.0 V之间的50,000次循环和1-1.5 V之间的5,000次循环后，其质量活度高于0.5 A mg ^-1，这是0.07和0.13 A的7和4倍毫克^-1分别在Pt / C上。这种高的可持续ORR活性归因于强大的金属-载体相互作用，从而最大程度地利用了Pt，并最大程度地减少了颗粒团聚，碳腐蚀和金属氧化。此外，将纳米颗粒嵌入碳孔的方法将可能用于开发具有均匀分散性的小颗粒，以用于各种应用。